Understanding and Measuring Bias Victimization Against Latinos

Cuevas, Carlos A.; Farrell, Amy; McDevitt, Jack; Zhang, Sheldon X.; Temple, Jeff R.; Robles, Jesenia; Lockwood, Sarah

doi:10.21428/cb6ab371.1086466a

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The Bias Victimization Questionnaire for Latinxs (BVQ-L) is a 13-item measure of victimization experiences that specifically ask if they occurred as a result of being a Latinx or Hispanic (Cuevas et al, 2019). The BVQ-L asks about both hate crimes and non-criminal bias events.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hate crime and bias victimization of Latinx adults: Rates from a multisite community sample.

Cuevas

Farrell

McDevitt

et al. 2021

Psychology of Violence

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Objective: To contribute a more complete and accurate understanding of rates of bias victimization toward Latinxs using self-report data from a community sample. Method: Totally, 910 Latinx adults from Boston, San Diego, and Houston were recruited through partnerships with community agencies and self-selection during local Latinx-focused events through the Spring and Summer of 2018. The survey evaluated experiences with hate crime, bias victimization, and non-bias victimization in their lifetime and past year. Background demographic information including immigration and documentation status were also queried. Results: The overall lifetime bias victimization rate for respondents was 52.9%. When focusing specifically on hate crimes this percentage was 28.4%, while the noncriminal bias victimization rate was 50%. There was a significant relationship between prior to past year bias victimization and past year nonbias victimization. Inversely, prior to past year non-bias victimization was also associated with past year bias victimization. Conclusion: The results of this study illustrate the limited nature of existing data sets on hate crime that rely on officially reported incidents or national surveys. This study is also one of the first to examine co-existence with other forms of victimization.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hate crime and bias victimization of Latinx adults: Rates from a multisite community sample.

Cuevas

Farrell

McDevitt

et al. 2021

Psychology of Violence

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Despite the social and political attention regarding hate crime, biasmotivated criminal incidents are vastly underreported in part due to the personal nature of the offenses, as well as a persistent belief among minority communities that nothing will be done by officials to respond to them (Davis & Henderson, 2003). For Latinxs, this is further evidenced by comparing the past year rate of hate crime reporting from the uniform crime report (approximately .001% in 2017) versus self-reported figures of almost 10% (Cuevas et al, 2019). Both political and social interest groups have worked to respond to such incidents through the enactment of hate crime legislation and enhanced penalties as a way to stand with marginalized or vulnerable communities.…”

Section: Scope Of the Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cheng & Mallinckrodt (2015) A longitudinal study revealing that racial and ethnic discrimination is a risk factor for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and maladaptive drinking behavior among Latino college students 6. Cuevas et al (2019) Both noncriminal bias events and hate crimes were shown to have negative mental health outcomes among Latinos yet are not likely to seek out formal services in response to such victimization 7. E. Flores et al (2010) Utilizes race-based traumatic stress framework to demonstrate that higher perception of discrimination was related to worsened PTSD symptoms, alcohol and drug use, and other adverse outcomes among Mexican American youth 8.…”

Section: Latinx Populations-a Need For Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, few studies have examined the stress and related trauma associated with racially motivated instances of bias, and until very recently none on hate crime focusing on Latinx communities (Cuevas et al, 2019). The studies that do exist tend to look at stress related to perceived discrimination, immigration, acculturation, combat-related PTSD, and general victimization (Araújo & Borrell, 2006; Capielo Rosario et al, 2019; Ruef et al, 2000).…”

Section: Latinx Populations—a Need For Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is important to note because these events affect people who are very assimilated but are targeted based on appearance or ethnicity. It is an erroneous assumption that these events are experienced primarily by immigrants, as these events are happening to U.S.-born individuals who identify or are perceived to be Latinx regardless of immigration status (Cuevas et al, 2019). Particularly in the context of hate crime, when “othering” can be one of the significant outcomes of such an event, additional trauma can be placed on individuals who are American but are treated as though they are not (Chavez-Duenas et al, 2019).…”

Section: Latinx Populations—a Need For Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hate Crimes and Race-Based Trauma on Latinx Populations: A Critical Review of the Current Research

Lockwood

Cuevas

2020

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Traditionally, the literature has sought to understand the impact of racial minority status and trauma as it relates to interpersonal violence, domestic violence, and sexual assault. What has not been as extensively reviewed and summarized is how racially or ethnically motivated hate crimes impact the mental health of minorities—particularly Latinx/Hispanic groups. This review aims to summarize the current body of literature on the intersection of race-motivated hate crime and trauma responses within Latinx community. To do so, the theoretical foundation for this inquiry will build from a race-based trauma perspective. Specifically, this review connects existing frameworks for race and trauma and integrates literature that examines Latinx or Hispanic populations that have experienced discrimination, bias, or hate crime as a result of their identity or perceived identity. The importance of situating bias or hate events within the trauma literature stems from a lack of overall formal evaluation of these events, and how these occurrences are historically overlooked as a traumatic stressor. The findings of this review suggest that (1) experiencing racially motivated victimization can cause adverse mental and physical health outcomes in Latinxs and (2) currently, there is only one study that has examined the impact of hate crime on Latinxs in the United States. This leaves the field with unanswered questions about the impact of hate crime victimization among Latinxs, which is an ever-growing area in need of attention.

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An Analysis of Hate Crime Victimization Amongst Immigrants

McCann

Boateng

2021

Am J Crim Just

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Understanding and Measuring Bias Victimization Against Latinos

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Hate crime and bias victimization of Latinx adults: Rates from a multisite community sample.

Hate crime and bias victimization of Latinx adults: Rates from a multisite community sample.

Hate Crimes and Race-Based Trauma on Latinx Populations: A Critical Review of the Current Research

An Analysis of Hate Crime Victimization Amongst Immigrants

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