Underlying factors to consider in improving energy yield from biomass source through yeast use on high-pressure homogenizer (hph)

Abstract

Pioneering the works of Brookman (1975), Middelberg et al. (1992aMiddelberg et al. ( , 1992b and Kleinig and Middelberg (1996), on cell disruption of yeast through high pressure homogenizer (HPH), the underlying factors in improving energy yield from biomass source has to be considered. This has become a global issue for scientists, researchers and policy makers as the energy demand has grown over the years due to the growing population. As cleaner energy has become highly needed for save environment and protection of the climate hence shifting away from the utilization of fossil fuels will be of higher priority.In this paper, these factors will be highlighted and discussed herein as well as other parameters that influence the energy production efficiency from the high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) through using yeast as a biomass source. The HPH for consideration in this study is the GYB40-10S; this has a pressure of up to 100 MPa with two stage homogenizing valves pressure. This is adjustable so as to produce superfine, homogenous, stable liquid-liquid or solid-liquid under multiple actions of cavitation effect and high speed impact. And also shear through the adjustable homogenizing pressure valve in the conditions of high pressure and thereby making the material compatible after homogenization.

Optical diagnostics of early flame development in a DISI (direct injection spark ignition) engine fueled with n-butanol and gasoline

“…It has several advantages over methanol and ethanol, including high tolerance to water contamination, reduced corrosive action on aluminum or polymer fuel system components, ability to blend in gasoline [8] or diesel [9,10] at high fraction without modifying vehicles and better fuel economy due to higher energy density. However, the primary disadvantage of biobutanol is its quite low production rate; this needs to be put into perspective with regard to the actual conversion rates from biomass feedstock, which is paramount for biofuels in general [11,12]. For this reason, many research groups and biotechnology companies studied several attempts to increase the butanol yield of the process to improve the economics [13].…”

Grey relational analysis for comparative assessment of different cathode materials in microbial electrolysis cells

“…RSM includes a series of statistical and mathematical techniques to define a model equation such a second-order polynomial model for the processes tested and to predict the response in relation to the model determined [22]. Moreover, RSM could be exploited to fit the model to the experimental data using different DOEs including central composite design [23] and Box-Behnken design [24]. DOE has also been applied for the development of the process model using Taguchi method [25].…”

Evaluation of specific lipid production and nutrients removal from wastewater by Rhodosporidium toruloides and biodiesel production from wet biomass via microwave irradiation

“…Yeast biomass as a cheap and easily available source was reported to be a potential substrate for biogas [19,20] and biodiesel [2] production. According to Santamauro et al [51]; oleaginous yeast species are promising to be applied for the biodiesel production due to the high lipid (dry weight) and biomass yields of up to 65% and 10e100 g L À1 , respectively, over 3e7 days, while microalgae commonly achieving 0.15e0.25 g L À1 per day in open pond systems.…”

“…However, optimizing the engine functioning and altering the parameters to maximize fuel burn are the factors that still need to be further evaluated and studied. Under these circumstances, the third generation biodiesel derived from oleaginous microorganisms has gained a significant attention due to the possibility of microbial cultivation using low-cost carbon sources as well as waste materials, high growth rate, easy cultivation, and high lipid yield [13,20].…”