Under-ice microbial dimethylsulfoniopropionate metabolism during the melt period in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Galindo, Virginie; Levasseur, Maurice; Scarratt, Michael; Mundy, C. J.; Gosselin, Michel; Kiene, Ronald P.; Gourdal, Margaux; Lizotte, Martine

doi:10.3354/meps11144

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…The direct comparisons of those rates that have been measured in sea-ice brines and under-ice sea-3138 H. Hayashida et al: Arctic sea-ice DMS modelling water samples (i.e. DMS conversion, bacterial DMSPd/DMS consumption, free DMSP-lyase) indicate that our simulated rates are in good agreement with the observed rates (Asher et al, 2011;Galindo et al, 2015). Certainly, further rate measurements in ice-covered regions will help build confidence in model-based estimates for production and removal rates of DMSPd and DMS within and under the sea ice.…”

Section: Production and Removal Rates Of Dmspd And Dmssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…early June). During the same time period, the simulated DMS production rates by bacterial conversion were relatively low (0-1 nmol L −1 d −1 ), which is consistent with the rates of 0-1.1 nmol L −1 d −1 measured in Resolute Passage during the initiation of the under-ice bloom in 2012 (Galindo et al, 2015). With the development of the under-ice boom, the simulated DMS production rates by bacterial conversion increased quickly and reached a peak of ca.…”

Section: Production and Removal Rates Of Dmspd And Dmssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The removal of simulated DMSPd in the uppermost layer of the water column was governed by bacterial consumption, which increased up to 35 nmol L −1 d −1 during the underice bloom. The simulated DMSPd removal rates by bacterial consumption were comparable to the rates measured under the ice in Resolute Passage during the melt period in 2012 (3 to 44 nmol L −1 d −1 ; Galindo et al, 2015). The simulated DMSPd removal rates by free DMSP-lyase were negligible (below 1 nmol L −1 d −1 ) in the uppermost layer of the water column throughout the simulated period.…”

Section: Production and Removal Rates Of Dmspd And Dmssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…DMSP in particulate (DMSPp) and dissolved (DMSPd) phases are simulated separately as they have distinct physical properties and ecological roles in sulfur cycling. For example, DMSPp released from the bottom ice is expected to sink quickly through the water column, whereas DMSPd likely remains in the under-ice meltwater lens upon its release from the bottom ice (Elliott et al, 2012;Galindo et al, 2014Galindo et al, , 2015. Furthermore, only DMSPd can be assimilated by bacteria to produce DMS (Stefels et al, 2007).…”

Section: Sulfur Cycle Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially during spring (April-June), DMS and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) can reach very high concentrations in the bottom layer of Arctic sea ice throughout the development of the ice algal bloom (Levasseur et al, 1994). Measurements of DMS and DMSP reveal concentrations in the bottom ice that are often 1 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than in the under-ice and open-water columns (Levasseur et al, 1994;Uzuka, 2003;Levasseur, 2013;Galindo et al, 2014Galindo et al, , 2015. How much of this ice-related DMS eventually reaches the atmosphere is not known, but mechanisms have been suggested by which the DMS produced in the bottom ice supplies pulses of DMS into the pristine Arctic atmosphere during spring and therefore contributes significantly to the formation of new clouds in the Arctic (Levasseur et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Sea ice represents an additional oceanic source of the climatically active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) for the Arctic atmosphere. To what extent this source contributes to the dynamics of summertime Arctic clouds is, however, not known due to scarcity of field measurements. In this study, we developed a coupled sea ice-ocean ecosystem-sulfur cycle model to investigate the potential impact of bottom-ice DMS and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) on the oceanic production and emissions of DMS in the Arctic. The results of the 1-D model simulation were compared with field data collected during May and June of 2010 in Resolute Passage. Our results reproduced the accumulation of DMS and DMSP in the bottom ice during the development of an ice algal bloom. The release of these sulfur species took place predominantly during the earlier phase of the melt period, resulting in an increase of DMS and DMSP in the underlying water column prior to the onset of an under-ice phytoplankton bloom. Production and removal rates of processes considered in the model are analyzed to identify the processes dominating the budgets of DMS and DMSP both in the bottom ice and the underlying water column. When openings in the ice were taken into account, the simulated sea-air DMS flux during the melt period was dominated by episodic spikes of up to 8.1 µmol m −2 d −1 . Further model simulations were conducted to assess the effects of the incorporation of sea-ice biogeochemistry on DMS production and emissions, as well as the sensitivity of our results to changes of uncertain model parameters of the sea-ice sulfur cycle. The results highlight the importance of taking into account both the sea-ice sulfur cycle and ecosystem in the flux estimates of oceanic DMS near the ice margins and identify key uncertainties in processes and rates that should be better constrained by new observations.

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Section: Production and Removal Rates Of Dmspd And Dmssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Production and Removal Rates Of Dmspd And Dmssupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Production and Removal Rates Of Dmspd And Dmssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Sulfur Cycle Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic

et al. 2017

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Processes driving seasonal variability in DMS, DMSP, and DMSO concentrations and turnover in coastal Antarctic waters

Asher

Dacey

Stukel

et al. 2016

Limnology & Oceanography

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This study presents new measurements of the concentrations and turnover rates of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in coastal waters near Palmer Station, Antarctica, during the spring and summer of 2012–2013. Using several novel analytical and experimental techniques, we document variability in DMS, DMSP, and DMSO (DMS/P/O) concentrations and quantify dominant production and removal terms in the mixed layer DMS budget. Our results demonstrate considerable seasonal variability in the concentration of DMS (range 0–20 nM), total DMSP (8–160 nM), and total DMSO (4–160 nM). Over the seasonal cycle, dissolved DMSP concentrations were well correlated with total DMSP concentrations and the abundance of Phaeocystis antarctica, while DMSO concentrations (total and dissolved) were well correlated with DMS concentrations. DMSP cleavage from the dissolved pool (mean rate = 5.5 nM d−1) and release from microzooplankton grazing (mean 5.6 nM d−1) were the dominant sources of DMS, with smaller DMS production rates associated with DMSO reduction from the dissolved pool (mean 2.6 nM d−1) and krill grazing (mean 0.82 nM d−1). Specific rate constants for DMSP cleavage were inversely related to net primary production. Bacterial uptake was a primary contributor to DMS removal (mean −12 nM d−1), and we observed a significant correlation between bacterial production and gross DMS loss rate constants. Estimated sea‐air flux and photo‐oxidation constituted secondary DMS sinks. Our experimental and analytical methods provide insight into the DMS/P/O cycle at Palmer Station, and a starting point for future studies examining inter‐annual DMS/P/O variability in coastal Antarctic waters.

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Response of distributions and emissions of summer biogenic sulfur in the Pacific Arctic to enhanced Pacific Water inflow

Li,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Limnology & Oceanography

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The inflow of warm and nutrient‐rich Pacific Water (PW) through the Bering Strait into the Arctic Ocean is likely to have far‐reaching consequences for the ecosystem and biogenic sulfur cycle in the Earth's sensitive subarctic–arctic region of the Pacific sector, even impacting climate change under global warming scenarios. We performed a detailed biogeochemical study of summer biogenic sulfur cycling from cold (2012) to warm (2014) years in the Bering Strait and the Chukchi Sea, so as to highlight the importance of enhanced Pacific inflow in driving dimethylsulfide (DMS) variability. In the Bering Strait, the enhanced Pacific inflow led to the vertical expansion of the eastern high‐DMS regions due to the vertical extension of Alaska Coastal Water, and the horizontal expansion of the western surface high‐DMS regions due to the westward intrusion of Bering Shelf Water. The enhanced extension of PW potentially stimulated seawater warming, the northward retreat of the ice edge, and the enlargement of sea ice‐free areas in the Chukchi Sea. The northern ice melting zone at 71°N with a bloom of phytoplankton was an area of locally high dimethylsulfoniopropionate concentrations and slow DMS consumption in 2012. A hotspot for dimethylated sulfur compound concentrations and DMS sea–air flux occurred in the convergence region near 67.7°N during 2014, due to enhanced mixing caused by increased Bering Sea Water. Owing to the increased advection of PW during 2012–2014, surface DMS and its emission to the atmosphere increased sharply by threefold in the Chukchi Sea.

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Under-ice microbial dimethylsulfoniopropionate metabolism during the melt period in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Cited by 21 publications

References 82 publications

Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic

Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic

Processes driving seasonal variability in DMS, DMSP, and DMSO concentrations and turnover in coastal Antarctic waters

Response of distributions and emissions of summer biogenic sulfur in the Pacific Arctic to enhanced Pacific Water inflow

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