Uncovering the Secrets of Prostate Cancer’s Radiotherapy Resistance: Advances in Mechanism Research

Lyu, Feng; Shang, Shiyu; Gao, Xianshu; Ma, M.; Xie, Mu; Ren, Xueying; Liu, Ming Zhu; Chen, Jia-Yan; Li, S.; Huang, Lei

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11061628

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…For a long time, the radiotherapy resistance of PCa has been overlooked ( 166 ). With the increase of tumor resistance to radiation, it is necessary to gradually increase the radiation dose, which may be a dilemma for patients.…”

Section: Cellular Senescence and Resistance To Radiation Therapy For Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

A new perspective on prostate cancer treatment: the interplay between cellular senescence and treatment resistance

Xu,

Xia,

Sun

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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The emergence of resistance to prostate cancer (PCa) treatment, particularly to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), has posed a significant challenge in the field of PCa management. Among the therapeutic options for PCa, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy are commonly used modalities. However, these therapeutic approaches, while inducing apoptosis in tumor cells, may also trigger stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). Cellular senescence, an entropy-driven transition from an ordered to a disordered state, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest, exhibits a dual role in PCa treatment. On one hand, senescent tumor cells may withdraw from the cell cycle, thereby reducing tumor growth rate and exerting a positive effect on treatment. On the other hand, senescent tumor cells may secrete a plethora of cytokines, growth factors and proteases that can affect neighboring tumor cells, thereby exerting a negative impact on treatment. This review explores how radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy trigger SIPS and the nuanced impact of senescent tumor cells on PCa treatment. Additionally, we aim to identify novel therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance in PCa treatment, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.

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Section: Cellular Senescence and Resistance To Radiation Therapy For Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

A new perspective on prostate cancer treatment: the interplay between cellular senescence and treatment resistance

Xu,

Xia,

Sun

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…However, this IR can cause acute and long-term adverse events due to the irradiation of surrounding tissues [ 14 ]. The aim of the radiation therapy is to kill the tumors cells while preserving the nearby healthy ones [ 15 ]. This objective is not always easy to achieve, as there is a permanent interplay between ionizing radiation (IR) and biological/cellular elements that can transpire in two primary ways: direct ionization or excitation of large molecules like DNA, or more commonly, indirect initiation via the breakdown of water into reactive oxygen species [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parp Inhibitors and Radiotherapy: A New Combination for Prostate Cancer (Systematic Review)

Rivero Belenchón,

Congregado Ruiz,

Saez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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PARPi, in combination with ionizing radiation, has demonstrated the ability to enhance cellular radiosensitivity in different tumors. The rationale is that the exposure to radiation leads to both physical and biochemical damage to DNA, prompting cells to initiate three primary mechanisms for DNA repair. Two double-stranded DNA breaks (DSB) repair pathways: (1) non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and (2) homologous recombination (HR); and (3) a single-stranded DNA break (SSB) repair pathway (base excision repair, BER). In this scenario, PARPi can serve as radiosensitizers by leveraging the BER pathway. This mechanism heightens the likelihood of replication forks collapsing, consequently leading to the formation of persistent DSBs. Together, the combination of PARPi and radiotherapy is a potent oncological strategy. This combination has proven its efficacy in different tumors. However, in prostate cancer, there are only preclinical studies to support it and, recently, an ongoing clinical trial. The objective of this paper is to perform a review of the current evidence regarding the use of PARPi and radiotherapy (RT) in PCa and to give future insight on this topic.

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Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer

Cotino-Nájera,

Herrera,

Domínguez-Gómez

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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One of the primary diseases that cause death worldwide is cancer. Cancer cells can be intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to therapies and drugs used for cancer treatment through multiple mechanisms of action that favor cell survival and proliferation, becoming one of the leading causes of treatment failure against cancer. A promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance is the co-administration of anticancer agents and natural compounds with anticancer properties, such as the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RSV). RSV has been reported to be able to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy, promoting cancer cell death. This review describes the reported molecular mechanisms by which RSV sensitizes tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment.

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Uncovering the Secrets of Prostate Cancer’s Radiotherapy Resistance: Advances in Mechanism Research

Cited by 5 publications

References 139 publications

A new perspective on prostate cancer treatment: the interplay between cellular senescence and treatment resistance

A new perspective on prostate cancer treatment: the interplay between cellular senescence and treatment resistance

Parp Inhibitors and Radiotherapy: A New Combination for Prostate Cancer (Systematic Review)

Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer

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