“…The analysis of this behavioural data can provide insight into how learners engage with videos as part of their course learning activities (Brooks, Epp, Logan, & Greer, 2011;Giannakos, Chorianopoulos, & Chrisochoides, 2014. These forms of video analytics, can be extended beyond the clickstream data, such as video play, pause, forward, and rewind events, to include other associated learning activities (e.g., video annotations or invideo quizzes) (Mirriahi, Liaqat, Gašević, & Dawson, 2016). The analysis of this data can assist in developing models for early identification of learners who are not engaged or undertaking less optimal learning pathways or study behaviour.…”