Uncoupling of chloroplast reproductive events from cell cycle division processes by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine in the algaScenedesmus quadricauda

Zachleder, Vilém; Kawano, Shigeyuki; Kuroiwa, T.

doi:10.1007/bf01273894

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Inhibition of nuclear DNA (nuc-DNA) synthesis prevented nuclear division and cytokinesis (Zachleder et al, 1996), and in a synchronized culture, the daughter cells remained uninuclear with their initial nuc-DNA content and did not divide but continued to grow to a giant size and replicate chloroplast DNA for an interval corresponding to two or three unperturbed cell cycles and continuously accumulated starch.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Nuclear Dna Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of energy reserves in algae: From cell cycles to biotechnological applications

Vítová

Bišová

Kawano

et al. 2015

Biotechnology Advances

212

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Starch and lipids are key components of algal cells and responsible for buffering variable supplies of energy and carbon that are vital for cell growth and reproduction, particularly DNA replication, nuclear and cellular division. The basic characteristics of energy reserves, their ultrastructure and localization inside the cell, regulation of their synthesis in relation to cell cycle phases, and their control by external factors, including light intensity, temperature, and carbon dioxide are described. Over the last two decades, research in this field has been boosted by possible biotechnological applications of algae for the production of biofuels from energy conserving compounds (bioethanol from starch and biodiesel from lipids). Recent findings on mechanisms that lead to an accumulation of exceptionally high levels of starch and lipids in algae will be summarized in this review. Macroelement (N, S, P) limitation, or depletion in mineral medium, as the most widely used approaches for enhancing both starch and lipid accumulation, are reviewed in detail. Potential biotechnological strategies for the economically viable overproduction of lipid and starch, such as a two-step procedure exploiting the effects of nutrient limitation and depletion, as well as the means and rationale for selecting appropriate strains, are discussed.

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Section: Inhibition Of Nuclear Dna Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of energy reserves in algae: From cell cycles to biotechnological applications

Vítová

Bišová

Kawano

et al. 2015

Biotechnology Advances

212

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“…The slight increase in total DNA in the presence of FdUrd is probably due to chloroplast DNA replication, which is unaffected by this treatment ( Fig. 2F , [29] , [30] ). The application of FdUrd inhibited nuclear division while growth remained unaffected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The effect of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd) on cell cycle progression is well characterized. FdUrd, an inhibitor of thymidylate synthetase, blocks nuclear DNA replication and consequently nuclear and cellular divisions [29] , [30] . The effect of FdUrd resembles that of hydroxyurea and its application probably causes stalled DNA replication and consequently activation of ATR-related protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Damage during G2 Phase Does Not Affect Cell Cycle Progression of the Green Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda

et al. 2011

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DNA damage is a threat to genomic integrity in all living organisms. Plants and green algae are particularly susceptible to DNA damage especially that caused by UV light, due to their light dependency for photosynthesis. For survival of a plant, and other eukaryotic cells, it is essential for an organism to continuously check the integrity of its genetic material and, when damaged, to repair it immediately. Cells therefore utilize a DNA damage response pathway that is responsible for sensing, reacting to and repairing damaged DNA. We have studied the effect of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, zeocin, caffeine and combinations of these on the cell cycle of the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda. The cells delayed S phase and underwent a permanent G2 phase block if DNA metabolism was affected prior to S phase; the G2 phase block imposed by zeocin was partially abolished by caffeine. No cell cycle block was observed if the treatment with zeocin occurred in G2 phase and the cells divided normally. CDKA and CDKB kinases regulate mitosis in S. quadricauda; their kinase activities were inhibited by Wee1. CDKA, CDKB protein levels were stabilized in the presence of zeocin. In contrast, the protein level of Wee1 was unaffected by DNA perturbing treatments. Wee1 therefore does not appear to be involved in the DNA damage response in S. quadricauda. Our results imply a specific reaction to DNA damage in S. quadricauda, with no cell cycle arrest, after experiencing DNA damage during G2 phase.

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“…As no telomere‐specific cellular process is assigned for cellular division or the subsequent G1 phase of the cell cycle (designated here as G1′), the increase in telomerase activity may be connected to non‐telomeric functions as was presumed for a human telomerase role in signalling pathways, transcription or in mitochondria (see [25] for review). Concomitant with cell division in green algae are chloroplast and mitochondrial divisions [26,27] which are not fully described yet and might be alternative targets for telomerase non‐telomeric functions. The phase‐specific metabolic processes connected to cell cycle progression in the G1 phase during the dark period or the light period should be technically identical, except for photosynthesis; however, no systematic studies of this cell cycle phase have been published.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Completion of cell division is associated with maximum telomerase activity in naturally synchronized cultures of the green algaDesmodesmus quadricauda

Ševčíková¹,

Bišová²,

Fojtová³

et al. 2013

FEBS Letters

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a b s t r a c tTelomerase maintains the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, and its activity is an important parameter correlating with the proliferative capacity of cells. We have investigated cell cycle-specific changes in telomerase activity using cultures of Desmodesmus quadricauda, a model alga naturally synchronized by light/dark entrainment. A quantitative telomerase assay revealed high activity in algal cultures, with slight changes during the light period. Significantly increased telomerase activity was observed at the end of the dark phase, when cell division was complete. In contrast to other models, a natural separation between nuclear and cellular division typical for the cell cycle in D. quadricauda made this observation possible.

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Uncoupling of chloroplast reproductive events from cell cycle division processes by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine in the algaScenedesmus quadricauda

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Accumulation of energy reserves in algae: From cell cycles to biotechnological applications

Accumulation of energy reserves in algae: From cell cycles to biotechnological applications

DNA Damage during G2 Phase Does Not Affect Cell Cycle Progression of the Green Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda

Completion of cell division is associated with maximum telomerase activity in naturally synchronized cultures of the green algaDesmodesmus quadricauda

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