Unconstrained design: improving multitasking with in-vehicle information systems through enhanced situation awareness

Abstract

In the age of information, in-vehicle multitasking is inevitable. The popularity of the automobile in combination with the demands of everyday life presents a demand to do more than simply focus on the road. Situation Awareness (SA) is a theory that allows designers to understand how operators interact in dynamic, complex environments. Unconstrained Design is proposed as a way of enhancing multitasking performance in-vehicle. This paper presents an experimental investigation into human-machine interface concepts that aim to support drivers to multitask in-vehicle when frequent task switching is required. Two SA-based approaches were investigated, one which focussed on supporting preparation for a Non-Driving Related Activity (NDRA), and one which focussed on supporting the Driving Related Activity (DRA) when an NDRA is active. While multitasking, Contextual Cueing, using a Head-up Display, produced significant reductions in NDRA response time while an auditory lane keeping aid increased the amount of time a driver spent in the central region of a lane. This provides evidence to suggest that using SA and Unconstrained Design as a philosophy for the design of IVIS that supports drivers' ability to multitask in-vehicle, could lead to task performance improvements.

Towards a Context-Dependent Multi-Buffer Driver Distraction Detection Algorithm

“…Another option is to use some other distraction detection algorithm as ground truth. The original AttenD algorithm has actually been used as ground truth of distraction [57] as well as for attention management [58]. This approach does not really solve the ground truth issue though, and it hampers further developments in the field, since it is impossible to be better than the "ground truth".…”

21st International Symposium on Aviation Psychology

“…Although alone it cannot guarantee successful decision making, SA does support the necessary input processes (e.g., cue recognition, situation assessment, prediction) upon which good decisions are based. Numerous studies have highlighted the vital role of SA to ensure successful performance in complex domains (e.g., Artman, 2000;Endsley, 1993;Furniss & Blandford, 2006;Sharma et al, 2019;Skrypchuk et al, 2020).…”

Determining the impact of augmented reality graphic spatial location and motion on driver behaviors

“…A significant body of research has examined the impact of HUD use on driver behaviors, particularly compared to traditional (head-down) displays. HUDs have been associated with improved lateral driving performance (Bolton et al, 2015;Horrey & Wickens, 2004a), longitudinal driving performance (Bolton et al, 2015), improved navigation (Bolton et al, 2015), spatial awareness (Tang et al, 2003), situational awareness (H. Kim et al, 2013;Skrypchuk et al, 2020), and lower self-reported mental workload (Häuslschmid et al, 2015;Liu & Wen, 2004;Smith, Streeter, et al, 2015). In addition, HUD use has been associated with faster response time for secondary tasks (Smith, Streeter, et al, 2015) as compared to traditional displays.…”