Uncertainty and the Net Benefits of Emissions Reductions of Nitrogen Oxides from Electricity Generation

Burtraw, Dallas; Bharvirkar, Ranjit; McGuinness, Meghan

doi:10.2307/3147024

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Secondary PM, in addition to O 3 , are formed from NO x emissions in winter as well as summer. Using an integrated assessment model without chemistry, analyses of the benefits of an annual (rather than just summer) NO x emissions cap were found to yield substantial net benefits due to reduction of PM2.5 concentrations and its detrimental health effects [Burtraw et al, 2003;Burtraw et al, 2001]. Additional analyses that include both gas and aerosol chemistry and an examination of the effects that spatial and temporal variability in emissions have on PM2.5 formation and resulting health damages and costs would be useful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging NOx Emitters for Health Damages: An Exploratory Analysis

Mauzerall¹,

Sultan²,

Kim³

et al. 2004

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We present a proof-of-concept analysis of the measurement of the health damage of ozone (O3) produced from nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) emitted by individual large point sources in the eastern United States. We use a regional atmospheric model of the eastern United States, the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx), to quantify the variable impact that a fixed quantity of NOx emitted from individual sources can have on the downwind concentration of surface O3, depending on temperature and local biogenic hydrocarbon emissions. We also examine the dependence of resulting ozone-related health damages on the size of the exposed population. The investigation is relevant to the increasingly widely used "cap and trade" approach to NOx regulation, which presumes that shifts of emissions over time and space, holding the total fixed over the course of the summer O3 season, will have minimal effect on the environmental outcome. By contrast, we show that a shift of a unit of NOx emissions from one place or time to another could result in large changes in the health effects due to ozone formation and exposure. We indicate how the type of modeling carried out here might be used to attach externality-correcting prices to emissions. Charging emitters fees that are commensurate with the damage caused by their NOx emissions would create an incentive for emitters to reduce emissions at times and in locations where they cause the largest damage. Denise Mauzerall Science, Technology and Environmental Policy Program

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging NOx Emitters for Health Damages: An Exploratory Analysis

Mauzerall¹,

Sultan²,

Kim³

et al. 2004

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“…The SO 2 emission fees contribute 2.3% to generation cost, and the SO 2 emission controls contribute 4.6% to generation cost. 14 The NO x emission fees contribute just less than 1% of generation cost, and the NO x 13 The utilization, on an annual basis, of NO x controls that exist in the baseline would yield increased net benefits compared to the seasonal program (Burtraw et al, 2001b;Burtraw et al, 2002). 14 The manner in which these items contribute to costs depends on the way prices are set.…”

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient emission fees in the US electricity sector

Banzhaf

Burtraw

Palmer

2004

Resource and Energy Economics

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This paper provides new estimates of efficient emission fees for sulfur dioxide (SO 2) and nitrogen oxides (NO X) emissions in the U.S. electricity sector. The estimates are obtained by coupling a detailed simulation model of the U.S. electricity markets with an integrated assessment model that links changes in emissions with atmospheric transport, environmental endpoints, and valuation of impacts. Efficient fees are found by comparing incremental benefits with emission fee levels. National quantity caps that are equivalent to these fees also are computed, and found to approximate caps under consideration in the current multi-pollutant debate in the U.S. Congress and the recent proposals from the Bush administration for the electricity industry. We also explore whether regional differentiation of caps on different pollutants is likely to enhance efficiency.

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“…Routine emissions data are obtained from Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) installed at affected facilities. An extensive body of previous studies has documented the successes as well as the challenges and concerns for these programs. ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible NO_x Abatement from Power Plants in the Eastern United States

Sun

Webster

McGaughey

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Emission controls that provide incentives for maximizing reductions in emissions of ozone precursors on days when ozone concentrations are highest have the potential to be cost-effective ozone management strategies. Conventional prescriptive emissions controls or cap-and-trade programs consider all emissions similarly regardless of when they occur, despite the fact that contributions to ozone formation may vary. In contrast, a time-differentiated approach targets emissions reductions on forecasted high ozone days without imposition of additional costs on lower ozone days. This work examines simulations of such dynamic air quality management strategies for NO(x) emissions from electric generating units. Results from a model of day-specific NO(x) pricing applied to the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) portion of the northeastern U.S. electrical grid demonstrate (i) that sufficient flexibility in electricity generation is available to allow power production to be switched from high to low NO(x) emitting facilities, (ii) that the emission price required to induce EGUs to change their strategies for power generation are competitive with other control costs, (iii) that dispatching strategies, which can change the spatial and temporal distribution of emissions, lead to ozone concentration reductions comparable to other control technologies, and (iv) that air quality forecasting is sufficiently accurate to allow EGUs to adapt their power generation strategies.

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Uncertainty and the Net Benefits of Emissions Reductions of Nitrogen Oxides from Electricity Generation

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Charging NOx Emitters for Health Damages: An Exploratory Analysis

Charging NOx Emitters for Health Damages: An Exploratory Analysis

Efficient emission fees in the US electricity sector

Flexible NO_x Abatement from Power Plants in the Eastern United States

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Uncertainty and the Net Benefits of Emissions Reductions of Nitrogen Oxides from Electricity Generation

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Charging NOx Emitters for Health Damages: An Exploratory Analysis

Charging NOx Emitters for Health Damages: An Exploratory Analysis

Efficient emission fees in the US electricity sector

Flexible NOx Abatement from Power Plants in the Eastern United States

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Flexible NO_x Abatement from Power Plants in the Eastern United States