Unbiasedly estimating the total of a stigmatizing variable from a complex survey on permitting options for direct or randomized responses

Abstract

Optional randomized response, Unbiased estimation, Varying probability sampling,

Enhancing a Randomized Response Model to Estimate Population Means to Sensitive Questions

“…The technique of optional randomized response is used by allowing the respondent to reveal the true answer or to follow a prescribed randomized response technique depending on his own desire keeping the type of answer hidden to the interviewer (Mangat and Singh, 1994;Singh and Joarder, 1997;Gupta et al, 2002;Arnab, 2004;Pal, 2008;Chaudhuri and Dihidar, 2009). Here we show that irrespective of how a sample of respondents is chosen, the optional randomized response technique can be applied to Gjestvang and Singh's (2009) model and this application gains assured improvement.…”

Partial optional randomized response technique with calibration weighting to adjust non-response in successive sampling

“…The ORT is more efficient than compulsory randomized response technique (CRT) because the probability of obtaining true responses in ORT is much higher than that in the CRT (Arnab, 2004). PORT was discussed by many authors such as Mangat and Singh(1994), Gupta et al (2002Gupta et al ( , 2013, Pal (2008), Chaudhuri and Dihidar (2009), and Sanaullah et al (2020).…”

How privacy may be protected in optional randomized response surveys

“…The optional RR (ORR) technique was introduced by Chaudhuri and Mukerjee (1985). A large number of developments following Chaudhuri and Mukerjee (1985) approach were proposed by Gupta (2001), Gupta et al (2002), Pal (2008) and many others. Subsequent developments are due to Arnab (2004), Chaudhuri and Saha (2005), Saha (2007), Huang (2008), Arnab and Rueda (2016) among others with slight differences in approaches.…”