How privacy may be protected in optional randomized response surveys

Abstract

There are materials in literature about how privacy on stigmatizing features like alcoholism, history of tax-evasion, or testing positive in AIDS-related testing may be partially protected by a proper application of randomized response techniques (RRT). The paper demonstrates what amendments are necessary for this approach while applying optional RRTs covering qualitative characteristics, permitting a sampled respondent either to directly reveal sensitive data or choose a randomized response respectively with complementary probabilities. Only a few standard RRTs are illustrated in the text.

Respondent-specific randomized response technique to estimate sensitive proportion

“…Chaudhuri, Christofides and Saha (2009) covered the protection of privacy measure for RRTs using general sampling design. With the approach of Chaudhuri et al (2009) and Pal et al (2020) the protection of privacy measure has been derived here for the proposed generalized RR techniques.…”

“…Chaudhuri et al ( 2009) investigated the possibility of protecting the privacy of the respondent in RR context using varying probability sampling designs. Pal et al (2020) recently developed the measure of privacy protection when an opportunity for divulging out the direct response is also given to each respondent along with a specific RR device. The respondents provide either direct response or randomized response, without divulging the type of response so exercised.…”

“…The respondents provide either direct response or randomized response, without divulging the type of response so exercised. We refer to Pal et al (2020) here for a detailed account of the measure of privacy protection with two independent randomized responses.…”

“…Consequently, Chaudhuri et al (2009) and Pal et al (2020) suggested arithmetic mean 𝐽 ̅ and geometric mean 𝐽 respectively as an overall measure of jeopardy.…”