Ultrawide AWG With Hyper-Gaussian Profile

Flat-top AWG based on InP deep ridge waveguide

“…Therefore, for many WDM applications, a flat-top spectral response is desirable. Several flat-top techniques have been proposed, such as using a rectangle multi-mode interference (MMI) coupler [5,6] or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) [7] in the input waveguide, parabolic waveguide horn or Y-junction [8], hyper-Gaussian [9], multiple gratings [10], triplexers [11] and so on. Introducing a MMI section at the end of input waveguide is a relatively simple and effective way to obtain a flat-top AWG.…”

Applications of Conventional and A thermal Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) Module in Active and Passive Optical Networks (PONs)

“…The increase in refractive index difference between core and cladding is a quite useful way to reduce chip size. So far, several types of high-contrast waveguides have been reported to have been achieved by using several material systems, such as a semiconductor waveguide [8], SiON waveguide [9], Si-wire waveguides [10], and silica-based waveguide [11]. Among these waveguides, the silica-based waveguide is suitable in the light of low propagation loss as well as high reliability.…”

Design and Fabrication of a 400GHz InP-Based Arrayed Waveguide Grating with Flattened Spectral Response

“…Therefore, it is desirable and necessary to design AWGs with flattened and broadened channel transmissions for many WDM applications. Different approaches to flatten the passband and to widen the channel spectral response of AWGs have been proposed and investigated, including integrating a multimode interference coupler (MMI) with an AWG input channel, [5−7] integrating wide multimode AWG output waveguides, [8] introducing some gaps in the middle of the array, [9] cascading two conventional couplers in a Mach-Zehnder configuration connected to the input port, [10] by using concave grating with two-focal points [11] and realizing a wavelength-dependent winding field by the first-ordermode assistance method. [12] In this Letter, we report the design and fabrication of a shallow etched 1.55 µm InP 1×4 arrayed waveguide grating with a flattened wavelength response at 400 GHz channel separation by employing an MMI at the entrance port for the first time.…”