Ultrathin Titanium Carbide (MXene) Films for High‐Temperature Thermal Camouflage

Abstract

Thermal camouflage has attracted increasing attention owing to the rapid development of infrared (IR) surveillance technologies. Various materials and systems have been developed to date, but the realization of high-temperature thermal camouflage using ultrathin film/coating remains a great challenge; this is of great significance, especially for IR stealth in military equipment. This work demonstrates a series of ultrathin Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene films (as low as 1 µm) with superior high-temperature indoor/outdoor thermal camouflage performance: wide camouflage temperature range (from below −10 °C to over 500 °C), large reduction in radiation temperature (exceeding 300 °C for objects with temperatures over 500 °C), long-term high-temperature or fire stability, multifunctionality including disguised Joule heating capability, and high electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency. The superior high-temperature thermal camouflage performance of the ultrathin MXene film is attributed to its low mid-IR emissivity (0.19), which is comparable to that of stainless steel but far below that of other 2D nanomaterials, such as graphene. The multifunctional ultrathin MXene films prepared through simple vacuum-assisted filtration provide a feasible method for efficient high-temperature thermal camouflage using ultrathin films, demonstrating the great promise of MXene materials for thermal camouflage, IR stealth, counter-surveillance, and security protection.

Calcium-Doped Boron Nitride Aerogel Enables Infrared Stealth at High Temperature Up to 1300 °C

“…4 d, e and S27), and the high-temperature target become completely infrared invisible (Figs. 4 f and S28), as the radiation temperature detected by infrared camera was about 31 ± 2 °C, indicating that such Ca-BN aerogel can serve as a promising candidate for high-temperature thermal stealthy [ 33 – 36 ].…”

“…The extraordinary high-temperature stability and superior high-temperature heat insulation performance of the Ca-BN aerogel make it useful in high-temperature thermal stealthy [33][34][35][36]. According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law: P = εσT 4 , the thermal radiation of a target is proportional to the surface emittance (ε) and the fourth power of temperature (T) [33][34][35][36][37]. Thermal stealthy is need to blend targets into their surroundings in infrared imaging to evade infrared thermal detection.…”

“…Hence, a combination architecture between Ca-BN aerogel and aluminum foil was proposed for high-temperature IR stealthy (Fig. S26) [33][34][35][36]. As the aluminum foil was covered on the surface of Ca-BN aerogel, and they physically stacked with each other, the contract between target and background further decreased (Figs.…”

Solar Selective Absorber for Emerging Sustainable Applications

“…At the same time, it has long‐term high temperature or fire stability, and electromagnetic interference shielding capability. [ 148 ]…”

Parallel Laser Printing of a Thermal Emission Pattern in a Phase‐Change Thin Film Cavity for Infrared Camouflage and Security

“…The manipulation of infrared (IR) radiation, which is often called “thermal emission,” is essential for a variety of applications, including adaptive camouflage, [ 1–6 ] radiative cooling, [ 7–9 ] energy‐saving windows, [ 10 ] thermo‐photovoltaics, [ 11–13 ] IR stealth, [ 14,15 ] and personal thermal management. [ 1,16 ] The broad IR spectrum is typically categorized into near‐IR (0.75–1.5 µm), short‐wavelength IR (1.5–3 µm), mid‐wavelength IR (3–8 µm), long‐wavelength IR (8–15 µm), and far IR (15–1,000 µm).…”