Ultrastructure of the Nucleolus During the Chinese Hamster Cell Cycle

Noel, Jack; Dewey, William C.; Abel, John H.; Thompson, Robert P.

doi:10.1083/jcb.49.3.830

Cited by 55 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, early work with such thin sections, sometimes with the aid of unconventional staining procedures, has clearly indicated the presence of a protein-containing matrix in the nucleus of interphase cells (3). Also, conventional thin-section techniques have shown the presence of "fibrillogranular" material (4,28,35) associated with chromosomes of higher eukaryotes, and in a lower eukaryote a protein fdament matrix has been identified in association with chromosomes (2). The present report extends these early observations and shows the intimate relation between the cytoplasmic filaments, the nuclear matrix fdaments, and the chromosomes of mitotic cells.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

“…Thus, the nuclear matrix filaments can be observed in cells which have only been extracted with Triton X-100 under conditions which provide good preservation of structure. Previous studies with thin sections have shown fibrous or fibfillogranular structures associated with chromosomes and persistent nucleoli (4,28,35) during mitosis. It is possible that much of this material is similar to the detergent-resistant filaments seen here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitotic architecture of the cell: the filament networks of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Capco¹,

Penman²

1983

The Journal of Cell Biology

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The skeletal framework of cells at.the various stages of mitosis are prepared by extraction with nonionic detergent and examined by stereoscopic whole mount electron microscopy. The insoluble filament network remaining after the detergent-extraction and the depolymerization of microtubules is shown. The nonchromatin filament network of the nucleus, or nuclear matrix, becomes visible as the chromatin condenses at prophase. Filaments are associated with the chromosomes throughout mitosis. Parts of the chromosomes are associated with or are near the nuclear lamina at early stages. The nuclear lamina disappears at metaphase while chromosomes remain associated with filaments now continuous with the cytoplasmic network. Microtubules appear to be unnecessary for maintaining the chromosome position in these preparations since comparison of cells with and without microtubules shows no gross change in chromosome arrangement. The cellular filament network at metaphase and anaphase appears continuous from the plasma lamina to the chromosomes. The filament networks visualized here may be responsible for the prometaphase chromosome movement and participate in the formation of the midbody.The interior architecture of cells as well as their external morphology and motility appears determined by complex structural networks of the cytoplasm and nucleus. The cytoplasmic network is clearly seen in detergent-extracted whole mounts. The filaments of the nuclear matrix, however, are best seen in whole mounts from which chromatin has been removed. These networks are complex, both in structure and composition, and contain hundreds of proteins in addition to the comparatively well known actin and intermediate filament proteins (8). It is possible that developmental alterations in cell morphology as well as gene regulation are mediated by changes in the organization of these structural networks. Of the several kinds of events that alter interior and exterior cell morphology, the most notable are the structural changes accompanying mitosis. In this report we will examine the behavior of the structural networks of the nucleus and cytoplasm in mitotic cells and how they relate to the formation and ordering of chromosomes.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic architecture of the cell: the filament networks of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Capco¹,

Penman²

1983

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…Desmidiaeeae: Closterium, Xanthidium, Netrium, Desmidium, Cosmarium and Microsterias (Brandham 1964). To some extent this appears to be the case also in higher organisms such as the hamster (Hsu et al 1965, Noel et al 1976, Fan and Penman 1971, in Allium cepa (Chouinard 1971, Moremo andRisueno 1976) and Luzula campestris (Brown 1954).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural study of nucleolus reorganisation in telophase in a green alga.

Ashraf

Godward

1988

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Some investigators reported that a material was attached to chromosomes through mitotic phases (LAFONTAINE and CHOINARD 1963;STEVENS, 1965;HSU et al, 1965;BRINKLEY, 1965;YASUZUMI and SUGIHARA, 1965;HENEEN et al, 1966;NOEL et al, 1971;COMINGS et al, 1971). This material was regarded as the nucleolar remnant since it was similar to ribosomes in size and electron density (YASUZUMI and SUGIHARA, 1965;STEVENS, 1965); furthermore, the material incorporated a labeled precoursor of ribonucleic acid, tritiated uridine, and stained red with pyronin according to a light microscopic histochemical staining (HSU et al, 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, material derived from the nucleolus, in other words, a nucleolar remnant which was represented by ribosome-like particles, was attached to metaphase chromosomes in root merismatic cells of Vicia fava (LAFONTAINE and CHOUINARD, 1963), in grasshopper neuroblast cells (STEVENS, 1965), in Chinese hamster cells (HSU et al, 1965;BRINKLEY, 1965;NOEL et al, 1971), in cells of human testis, peripheral blood leukocytes, embryo lung, and bone marrow (HENEEN and NICHOLS, 1966), and in Indian muntjac cells (COMINGS and OKADA, 1971). On the other hand, some authors reported that the granular element of prenucleolar material was observed better around chromosomes in anaphase and telophase than in metaphase (YASUZUMI and SUGIHARA, 1965;SUGIOKA, 1970).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electron Microscopic Observation of the Nucleolar Material Attached to the Chromosomes of HeLa Cells in Metaphase

Terauchi

1973

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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Summary.A cluster of granules has been known by electron microscopy to occur in contact with the surface of metaphase chromosomes, and is considered to be an altered form of nucleolus in the mitotic phase. In the present examination three types of specimens of HeLa cells, namely, sections stained doubly with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, those stained with EDTA according to the regressive staining method of BERNHARD (1969), and those digested by RNase were compared by electron microscopy in regards to the relationship between the chromosomes and the granules.After the EDTA treatment chromosomes containing DNP were bleached, wheareas the granules maintained their electron density. Futhermore, the latter were digested by RNase, suggesting RNP content. The granules distinct and abundant in metaphase.

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Ultrastructure of the Nucleolus During the Chinese Hamster Cell Cycle

Cited by 55 publications

References 47 publications

Mitotic architecture of the cell: the filament networks of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Mitotic architecture of the cell: the filament networks of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Ultrastructural study of nucleolus reorganisation in telophase in a green alga.

An Electron Microscopic Observation of the Nucleolar Material Attached to the Chromosomes of HeLa Cells in Metaphase

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