Ultrastructure of sensilla on antennae and maxillary palps in three Mesembrinellidae species

Abstract

Background: Having the right identification is essential in the field of entomology. The scanning electron microscopy allows rapid and accurate identification of different species of flies since a better visualization of the external morphology of immature and some adults is possible. The aim of this study is to describe some ultrastructures of three flies in the Mesembrinellidae family: Mesembrinella bellardiana; Mesembrinella bicolor and Mesembrinella semihyalina, all examined by scanning electron microscopy to help increase the anatomical database on flies and deal with phlylogenetic implications. Results: The flies were examined under JEOL 6390LV scanning electron microscope (SEM). The microtrichia morphology of the antennae is similar to that of other and are present on all antennal surface with variable distribution. The chaetic sensilla were observed only in the scape (chaetic sensilla I) and pedicel segments (chaetic sensilla I-III). Three types of sensilla: trichoidea, basiconic and clavate were observed in the first flagellomere of M. bellardiana; and two types of sensilla: trichoidea and basiconic were noticed in M. bicolor and M. semihyalina. Olfactory pits were observed in both gender of M. bellardiana and female of M. bicolor. The maxillary palp of the Mesembrinella species in this study does not show sexual dimorphism. Conclusion: This investigation provided new findings of some diagnostic structures of flies using SEM, since many of them could have not been observed just by the use of light microscopy.

Ultrastructural studies of sensilla in one fly of forensic importance

“…This distribution pattern was also found inO. albuquerquei, O. aenescens (carriço et al 2015) and Ophyra chalcogaster (Wiedemann)(SuKonTaSon et al 2007), but differs of S. tibialis, M. bellardiana; M. bicolor and M. semihyalina that have tree type of chaetic sensilla(pezzi et al 2016;caeTano et al 2018).…”

“…The ultrastructure of the antennae of Ulidiidae species using SEM are limited in the literature, theses sensorial structure have been performed, such as: SuKonTaSon et al The external morphology of the antennae segments of X. bipustulata is generally similar to that of other Ulidiidae and calyptrate flies (SuKonTaSon et al 2006;carriço et al 2015;pezzi et al 2016;caeTano et al 2018). In this study, the microtrichia morphology of the antennae is similar to that of other calyptrate and are present on all antennal surface with a variable distribution (SuKonTaSon et al 2004;SuKonTaSon et al 2007;SeTzu et al 2011;zhanG et al 2013a;zhanG et al 2013b;carriço et al 2015;pezzi et al 2016;caeTano et al 2018 The flagellum is the largest segment of the antenna and its number of sensory sensilla can vary from species to species (SuKonTaSon et al 2004;carriço et al 2015). One types of sensilla on female was observed: trichoidea (tr); those distribution differ of other dipteran species, such as O. chalcogaster (SuKonTaSon et al, 2007) In conclusion, taxonomical studies are important to the biological sciences in general, because erroneous species identifications can mislead expert reports, additionally, this investigation provided new findings of some diagnostic structures of flies using SEM, since many of them are not possibly observed just by the use of light microscopy…”

Characterization of the Expression and Functions of Two Odorant-Binding Proteins of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)

“…Researchers have used many classic methods for functional research on insect antennae, including the use of scanning electron microscopy to study the ultrastructures of antennal sensilla [37,38]. For odorant receptors, Wang and his team used systematic functional analysis across much of the conventional insect odorant receptor repertoire in Xenopus oocytes using two-electrode, voltage-clamp electrophysiology [39,40].…”

Ultrastructure of Antennal Sensory Organs in Nine Flesh Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): New Insight into the Definition of Family Sarcophagidae

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/insects13070602/s1, Supplementary File S1. Comparison of antennal sensilla on the antennal postpedicel surface of sarcophagid flies and other calyptrate flies [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81]. Funding: This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32170450, 31872964) and the Beijing Forestry University Outstanding Young Talent Cultivation Project (2019JQ0318).…”

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: , Supplementary File S1. Comparison of antennal sensilla on the antennal postpedicel surface of sarcophagid flies and other calyptrate flies [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ].…”