Ultrastructure of Glandular Ovarian Trichomes of Cypripedium Calceolus and C. Reginae (Orchidaceae)

Swanson, Elizabeth S.; Cunningham, William P.; Holman, Ralph T.

doi:10.2307/2442670

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Once extruded, the exudate collects in the pores and also masses on the cuticle itself. Similar extracellular depositions have been reported by Swanson, Cunningham and Holman (1980) in Cypripedium trichomes and by Wollenweber and Schnepf (1970) in Primula.…”

Section: Discussion-secretory Activity Insupporting

confidence: 89%

Ultrastructure of Osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae)

Pridgeon

Stern

1983

American J of Botany

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Osmophores ofthe myophilous genus Restrepia (Orchidaceae) were studied developmentally at the ultrastructural level. They are located at petal apices and on the adaxial surface of the dorsal sepal apex. Up to and through anthesis a dense, osmiophilic exudate is synthesized probably in endoplasmic reticulum or in plastids of papillose epidermal cells, and then appears to be transported through the plasmalemma by granulocrine elimination. As the exudate is amassed, the cuticle ruptures to form numerous pores that extend from the cell wall. Mitochondria and amyloplasts are especially abundant at anthesis. From anthesis to post-anthesis, lipid droplets appear in the cytoplasm and vacuoles of epidermal cells, and frequency of cell organelles drops markedly with increasing vacuolation.

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Section: Discussion-secretory Activity Insupporting

confidence: 89%

Ultrastructure of Osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae)

Pridgeon

Stern

1983

American J of Botany

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“…Lipids, noted in other orchids, were considered the equivalents of fragrance production (Swanson et al 1980; Pridgeon and Stern 1983; Curry et al 1988) and were noted in both examined species in dorsal sepals and petals in Bulbophyllum weberi , yet not in B. cumingii (compare Figs. 4c, h; 5b; 9c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral structure of two species of Bulbophyllum section Cirrhopetalum Lindl.: B. weberi Ames and B. cumingii (Lindl.) Rchb. f. (Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae)

Kowalkowska

Turzyński

Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno

et al. 2016

Protoplasma

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Flowers of Bulbophyllum weberi and B. cumingii are characterized by fly-pollinated features. The secretory activity was described in dorsal sepals in both species (putative osmophores), petals in B. weberi (possible osmophores) and adaxial surface of lips in both species. In the cells of dorsal sepals and petals of B. weberi proteins, dihydroxyphenols, lipids and starch grains were detected, in lateral sepals—lipids. Whereas in dorsal sepal of B. cumingii only lipids and starch grains were noted, in lateral sepals—proteins and dihydroxyphenols and in petals—proteins and starch grains. The lips in both species differed histochemically and ultrastructurally. The epidermal cells of lip groove in B. weberi contained lipids, proteins, starch grains in cytoplasm, dihydroxyphenols in vacuoles and pectic acids/mucilage on surface. Whereas in B. cumingii—few lipids, starch grains, no proteins, no dihydroxyphenols and no mucilage were noted. Ultrastructurally, in B. weberi, the secretory material was present on surface and vesicles building into plasmalemma, while in B. cumingii—cell wall ingrowths and microchannels in cuticle. The osmiophilic irregular materials and globular, osmiophilic globules in B. weberi are probably tannin-like materials. For the first time, we described the cell wall ingrowths in Bulbophyllum species: in lip of B. cumingii and petals of B. weberi.

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“…Lipids were frequently noted in the nectary cells of other orchids (Figueiredo and Pais 1992; Stpiczyńska 1997; Stpiczyńska and Matusiewicz 2001; Stpiczyńska et al 2004; Paiva 2009). Lipid bodies present in the cytoplasm were regarded as physical equivalents of production of volatiles in osmophores (Swanson et al 1980; Pridgeon and Stern 1983; Curry et al 1988), also observed in Anacamptis (Kowalkowska et al 2012). In cells of nectaries of E. atropurpurea , the cell wall ingrowths were observed but not reported in nectaries of Limodorum abortivum , as in E. palustris .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on floral nectary, tepals’ structure, and gynostemium morphology of Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae)

et al. 2014

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The lip of Epipactis palustris consists of two movably joined parts: the basal part (hypochile) with central broad isthmus and epichile with callus. The analysis of flowers provides strong evidence to conclude that the whole surface of lip callus and abaxial side of isthmus are secretory. The exudation at first appears on callus, at early stages, later on isthmus. It could be a strategy to prolong the emission of volatile substances and nectar, and this means to prolong luring pollinators. The results from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) support this conclusion. The plastids noted in callus were without starch, whereas the isthmus’ cells contained partly hydrolyzed starch. Some plastids, noted in callus, had polymorphic shapes, which were often related to a starch reduction. During the depletion of starch in callus cells, the number of plastoglobuli within the plastids increased, and also lipid bodies appeared in the cytoplasm whereas, in isthmus cells, proplastids with phytoferritin were noted. The endoplasmic reticulum was in contact with plasmalemma, and the vesicles were fusing with plasmalemma in secretory cells of callus and isthmus, which is a way of granulocrine secretion. The cross-sections of sepals revealed that abaxial epidermis was tomentose, with stomata at the top of substomatal cavities. The pollen grains adhering to the rostellum-viscidium prove previous ecological observations that the rostellum-viscidium is not a barrier preventing self-pollination.

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Ultrastructure of Glandular Ovarian Trichomes of Cypripedium Calceolus and C. Reginae (Orchidaceae)

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Ultrastructure of Osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae)

Ultrastructure of Osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae)

Floral structure of two species of Bulbophyllum section Cirrhopetalum Lindl.: B. weberi Ames and B. cumingii (Lindl.) Rchb. f. (Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae)

Studies on floral nectary, tepals’ structure, and gynostemium morphology of Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae)

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