Ultrastructural characterization of the intestine of the Eurasian common moorhen using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy

Abstract

The present investigation focused on the morphological features of the intestine of Eurasian common moorhen by the aid of scanning electron microscopy and histological, morphometric, and statistical examinations. The intestinal villi were varied in shape along the intestinal tract; the duodenal villi were elongated and twisted, the jejunal villi were tongue-like, the ileal villi were cuboidal, and the cecal villi were tongue-like and finger-like at the base and body of the cecum. While at the apex of the cecum, it appeared as corrugated longitudinal folds and the rectal villi appeared as columns. The microvilli were present as projections on the surface of villi of the small intestine and the base of the cecum. While at the body and the apex of the cecum, the microvilli appeared as threads and as brush hairs on the rectal villi.The duodenal, jejunal, ileal, cecal, and rectal villi were lined by simple columnar epithelium with goblet cells. The submucosal layer of small intestine consisted of connective tissue fibers along the intestinal tract, but it was absent at the base of the cecum. The tunica musculosa consisted of single longitudinal layer of smooth muscle fibers in the duodenum and rectum. While in the jejunum, ileum, and cecum, it was composed of single circular layer of smooth muscle fibers. The thickness of the tunics differed among the intestinal parts.

Seasonal Variations in the Digestive Tract of the Little Owl, Athene noctua: Anatomical, Histological, and Scanning Electron Microscopical Studies

“…Numerous previous studies have confirmed that there is a relationship between food content and length of intestines (Karasov & Martinez del Rio, 2007;Hanafy et al, 2021;Goodarzi et al, 2021). Birds whose diet has high fiber content have larger intestines and ceca than do those that eat seeds and fruits.…”

Effects of Adding Sphingomonas Z392 to Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Intestinal Histological Structure and Microbial Community of Broiler Chickens

“…Its function correlates positively with organelle numbers and health status. The villi in the small intestine play a crucial role in nutrient absorption, and the height, integrity, and cell count of these villi significantly affect small intestine digestive and absorption functions [17]. After adding 4 × 10 5 CFU/mL of Sphingomonas Z392 to drinking water, broiler chickens exhibited increased integrity of small intestinal villi, an augmented number of goblet cells in small intestinal epithelial cells, enhanced mitochondrial health in the cytoplasm of jejunal villous epithelial cells, and elevated counts of lysosomes in the cytoplasm of goblet cells in the small intestinal epithelium, ileal villous epithelial cells, and mitochondria in the cytoplasm of large intestinal villous epithelial cells.…”

Recent progress of second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence microscopy in bioimaging

“…For example, microscopy is useful for observing the transfer of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ( Hubner et al, 2009 ) from cell to cell, the separation of individual chromatids during cell division, the transient activity of the entire brain of zebrafish larvae, and the neuronal activity of entire worms ( Gao et al, 2012 ; Hontani et al, 2022 ; Ishii et al, 2022 ). In vivo imaging studies through macro NIR-II imaging can not only detect circulation in the aorta and tiny blood vessels, but also be used for the imaging of various organs, such as the heart ( Greiner et al, 2022 ), liver ( Ojha et al, 2022 ), lung ( Mirsanaye et al, 2022 ), kidney ( Sonoda et al, 2022 ) and intestine ( Hanafy et al, 2022 ). However, the visualization of tissue microstructure requires imaging systems with larger magnification for improved spatial resolution and contrast of biological tissue and clear imaging of biological microstructure.…”