Ultrastructural changes in the tail muscles of anuran tadpoles during metamorphosis

Watanabe, Kyozo; Sasaki, Fumio

doi:10.1007/bf00222809

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Muscle cell death also occurs through apoptosis [38][39][40] and appears to involve cell death regulators like caspases and Bax/ Bcl-2 family members [41], [42]. Both our study and Berry et al s [28] detected ST3 but not Col3 expression in the fibroblasts surrounding the muscle flank.…”

Section: The Notochordsupporting

confidence: 63%

Spatial and temporal regulation of collagenases-3, -4, and stromelysin -3 implicates distinct functions in apoptosis and tissue remodeling during frog metamorphosis

1999

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of extracellular proteases capable of degrading various proteinaceous components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). They have been implicated to play important roles in a number of developmental and pathological processes, such as tumor metastasis and inflammation. Relatively few studies have been carried out to investigate the function of MMPs during postembryonic organ-development. Using Xenopus laevis development as a model system, we demonstrate here that three MMPs, stromelysin-3 (ST3), collagenases-3 (Col3), and Col4, have distinct spatial and temporal expression profiles during metamorphosis as the tadpole transforms into a frog. In situ hybridizations reveal a tight, but distinct, association of individual MMPs with tissue remodeling in the tail and intestine during metamorphosis. In particular, ST3 expression is strongly correlated with apoptosis in both organs as demonstrated by analyses of serial sections with in situ hybridization for ST3 mRNA and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling) for apoptosis, respectively. On the other

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Section: The Notochordsupporting

confidence: 63%

Spatial and temporal regulation of collagenases-3, -4, and stromelysin -3 implicates distinct functions in apoptosis and tissue remodeling during frog metamorphosis

1999

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“…Under more physiological conditions, rapid and selective disassembly of I-Z-I complexes in functional myofibrils has been reported in cardiac myocytes during mitosis (38), resorbing tails in metamorphosing tadpoles (69), and pharmocologically damaged muscle (22 Although generalization to other muscle culture systems may be limited, examination of the differences should yield information regarding the mechanism(s) for coordinate gene regulation of ongoing differentiation programs. Further understanding may be also obtained by comparisons between TPA and other agents known to produce myosacs, such as Rous sarcoma virus (29) and ethyl methanesulfonate (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phorbol esters selectively and reversibly inhibit a subset of myofibrillar genes responsible for the ongoing differentiation program of chick skeletal myotubes.

Choi¹,

Holtzer²,

Chacko³

et al. 1991

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Phorbol esters selectively and reversibly disassemble the contractile apparatus of cultured skeletal muscle as well as inhibit the synthesis of many contractile proteins without inhibiting that of housekeeping proteins. We now demonstrate that phorbol esters reversibly decrease the mRNA levels of at least six myofibrillar genes: myosin heavy chain, myosin light chain 1/3, myosin light chain 2, cardiac and skeletal a-actin, and skeletal troponin T. The steady-state message levels decrease 50-to 100-fold after 48 h of exposure to phorbol esters. These decreases can be attributed at least in part to decreases in transcription rates. For at least two genes, cardiac and skeletal a-actin, some of the decreases are the result of increased mRNA turnover. In contrast, the cardiac troponin T steady-state message level does not change, and its transcription rate decreases only transiently upon exposure to phorbol esters. Phorbol esters do not decrease the expression of the housekeeping genes, a-tubulin, 0-actin, and -y-actin. Phorbol esters do not decrease the steady-state message levels of MyoDl, a gene known to be important in the activation of many skeletal muscle-specific genes. Cycloheximide blocks the phorbol ester-induced decreases in transcription, message stability, and the resulting steady-state message level but does not block the tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-induced rapid disassembly of the I-Z-I complexes. These results suggests a common mechanism for the regulation of many myofibrillar genes independent of MyoDl mRNA levels, independent of housekeeping genes, but dependent on protein synthesis.

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“…They further deposed that structurally, the pink fibers have a higher ratio of sarcoplasm to myofibrils with higher density of large mitochondria compared to white fibers. Watanabe (1969), Grillo et al (1970), Sasaki (1973)and Watanabe and Sasaki (1974) demonstrated that the types of striated muscle fiber, "red" and "white" fibers, in the tadpole tail of Bufo regularis and other species exhibit similar, and conform, in properties with the "fast" and "slow" muscle fibers in other species of adult frogs (Kuffier On the other hand, the i.m.fibers show lower intensity of LDH activity and the electron microscopic localization of LDH is observed in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This findings agree with previous reports (Fahimi and Amarasingham, 1964;Fahimi and Karnovsky, 1966).…”

Section: Histochemical Localization Of Ldh Sdh and Phosphorylase Actmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemical and Ultrastructural Studies of Tail Muscles in the Anuran Tadpole

Sasaki

1974

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Ultrastructural changes in the tail muscles of anuran tadpoles during metamorphosis

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Spatial and temporal regulation of collagenases-3, -4, and stromelysin -3 implicates distinct functions in apoptosis and tissue remodeling during frog metamorphosis

Spatial and temporal regulation of collagenases-3, -4, and stromelysin -3 implicates distinct functions in apoptosis and tissue remodeling during frog metamorphosis

Phorbol esters selectively and reversibly inhibit a subset of myofibrillar genes responsible for the ongoing differentiation program of chick skeletal myotubes.

Histochemical and Ultrastructural Studies of Tail Muscles in the Anuran Tadpole

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