Ultrastructural changes in fish gills as biomarker to assess small stream pollution

Pawert, Michael; Müller, Ewald F; Triebskorn, Rita

doi:10.1016/s0040-8166(98)80080-3

Cited by 66 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Transmission electron micrograph showed degenerative changes in mitochondria, severe vacuolation, damage in tubular vascular system, presence of lipid droplets and nuclear deformity after almix exposure under both conditions but lesions were less in case of field experiment. Vacuolation as observed under present study impede gas exchange capacity as well as indicate swelling of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum was also reported by Ultsch et al [38] and Pawert et al [39]. Mitochondrial damage is responsible for impairment of ionic transport was also described by Perry and Laurent [40] and Goss et al [41] in gill of fish species after intoxication of toxicant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Cytopathological Effects of Almix Herbicide on Gill, Liver and Kidney of Oreochromis niloticus under Field and Laboratory Conditions

Samanta¹,

Pal²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 2016

Toxicol Open Access

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Objective: Present study was aimed to study the cytopathological effects of almix herbicide in Indian freshwater teleost, Oreochromis niloticus (Linn.) both under field and laboratory exposure. Methods:O. niloticus (Linn.) was exposed to almix herbicide at sublethal concentrations of 8 g/acre and 66.67 mg/L under field and laboratory conditions respectively for 30 days. Field experiment was performed in cage, submerged in the field pond. Cytopathological study both through light and electron microscopic (scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) observations were based on gill, liver and kidney.Results: Histopathological observations revealed hypertrophy and proliferation in gill epithelium, curling and fusion of secondary gill lamellae (SGL), distortion in chloride and pillar cells under laboratory experiment. Scanning electron microscopy displayed severe loss of normal array of concentric microridges, swelling of microridges, damage in epithelial cells and appearance of vacuoles on the stratified epithelium, while loss of regular pattern of microridges were observed under field condition. Transmission electron microscopic study of gill showed severe damages which included degenerative changes in mitochondria, cellular vacuolation, damage in tubule vascular system, presence of lipid droplets, elongated nucleus, but in case of field experiment dilated mitochondria and cytoplasmic vacuolation were more prominent. Degenerative hepatopancreas, necrosis in hepatocytes, severe cytoplasmic vacuolation and disarrangement of hepatic cords in liver of O. niloticus were prominent seen under light microscopy in the laboratory condition, but in field condition elongated hepatocytes with increased nuclei and vacuolation in cytoplasm of hepatocytes were prominent, while TEM study showed degeneration in mitochondria, dilation in rough endoplasmic reticulum, damage in nucleus and appearance of cytoplasmic vacuolation in hepatocytes under laboratory condition. In kidney, degenerative changes in PCT and DCT, shrinkage of glomerulus, vacuolation in the haematopoietic tissues and excess fat deposition were notable changes. In TEM study necrosis in nucleus, severe vacuolation, appearance of endoplasmic reticulum as whorl pattern, degeneration in mitochondria in kidney were serious after almix exposure. Conclusion:Present study claimed the more profound responses under laboratory condition compared to field and different significant marked changes in these two conditions were prominent. Therefore, these responses in gill, liver and kidney of O. niloticus could be considered as potential biomarkers of exposure of agrochemicals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Cytopathological Effects of Almix Herbicide on Gill, Liver and Kidney of Oreochromis niloticus under Field and Laboratory Conditions

Samanta¹,

Pal²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 2016

Toxicol Open Access

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“…For this reason, gill tissue has also been considered to be very sensitive to metal toxic action, this leading often to well-characterized cytological damages (Bubel 1976, Mallatt 1985, Lauren 1991, Nonnotte et al 1993, Lawson et al 1994, Pawert et al 1998 as well as functional impairment of ionic and respiratory gas exchanges (Spicer & Weber 1991). Whether this could be related to the ability of the gills to retain a very important part of the metal they take up remains to be established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation of inorganic and methylated mercury by the gills of the shore crab Carcinus maenas: transepithelial fluxes and histochemical localization

Laporte¹,

Truchot

Mesmer-Dudons³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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In order to better understand the role of the gills in the accumulation of contaminants, branchial uptake and bioaccumulation of inorganic (HgCl 2 ) and monomethylmercury (CH 3 HgCl) were quantified in the shore crab Carcinus maenas, using living animals and an in vitro perfused gill preparation exposed to 50 µg l -1 of either chemical forms in the external medium. In addition, localization of accumulated mercury was studied using the histochemical autometallographic technique by both light and electron microscopy. Gill tissue strongly accumulated either inorganic or methylated mercury at similar levels in vitro and in vivo. For both chemical forms of the metal, only about 1% of the total mercury input was recovered in the effluent fluid from in vitro perfused gills and could thus be considered available to distribute inside the animal via the circulatory system. Inorganic Hg was histochemically found to be accumulated at 2 markedly different locations in the gills: at the cuticular surface in direct contact with the contaminated medium and at high local levels in the central vacuole of gill nephrocytes. Although also present at these 2 locations, methylmercury was distributed more diffusely and more evenly in all cells. These results suggest that the high affinity of gill tissue for both forms of mercury may confer on this organ the role of an external barrier strongly limiting the invasion of the metal toward other compartments of the body.

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“…Among the points along the river sampled, point two showed the highest impacts on the gills of the test organisms, as these was total fusion of all the secondary lamellas, which was a second-stage (Poleksic and Mitrovic-Tutundzic, 1994). Pawert et al (1998) developed a classification system that related the degree of the alteration in the gill tissues according to the level of pollution of an aquatic system, where they consider that total fusion of two secondary lamellas could be considered exposure to a highly polluted environment. Because of the metal concentrations detected in the sediments, it could be supposed that the lesions identified in the test organisms might be the result of the presence of such substances.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of the sediment toxicity of Monjolinho River, São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil, using survey, growth and gill morphology of two fish species (Danio rerio and Poecilia reticulata)

Campagna¹,

Fracácio

Rodrigues³

et al. 2008

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Ultrastructural changes in fish gills as biomarker to assess small stream pollution

Cited by 66 publications

References 33 publications

Cytopathological Effects of Almix Herbicide on Gill, Liver and Kidney of Oreochromis niloticus under Field and Laboratory Conditions

Cytopathological Effects of Almix Herbicide on Gill, Liver and Kidney of Oreochromis niloticus under Field and Laboratory Conditions

Bioaccumulation of inorganic and methylated mercury by the gills of the shore crab Carcinus maenas: transepithelial fluxes and histochemical localization

Analyses of the sediment toxicity of Monjolinho River, São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil, using survey, growth and gill morphology of two fish species (Danio rerio and Poecilia reticulata)

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