Ultrasound Screening of Fetal Anomalies at 11–13+6 Weeks

Abstract

During the past decades, early fetal ultrasound and diagnosis have increasingly gained attention in pregnancy care with the development of high-frequency transducers, which make it possible to obtain detailed images of the early fetus and its organs, and thus move part of the anatomy and anomaly scan from the second to the first-trimester. By transabdominal sonography or transvaginal sonography, or a combination of both approaches, it is now able to diagnose a wide variety of fetal abnormalities at 11–13+6 weeks.

Prevalence and Associated Anomalies in Gastroschisis and Omphalocele Cases in Villa Clara, Cuba: A 30-Year Series from 1990 to 2019

“…Spontaneous resolution of the first-trimester OM containing only the bowel was reported. A spontaneous resolution has not been observed in cases with the herniated liver [5]. The estimated prevalence of OM ranges from 1.0 to 2.0 per 10,000 live births, although the true incidence (1 in 3000 to 4000) and morbidity and mortality may be higher when elective abortions or fetal demises are taken into account [2,7,11].…”

“…The prevalence of GS in recent decades shows a remarkable and worrying increasing trend worldwide. Current estimates of the prevalence of GS demonstrate an uptrend, from 3.6 per 10,000 births during 1995-2005 to 4.9 per 10,000 births during 2006-2012 [1,[4][5][6].…”

“…Unlike OM, GS has little association with chromosomal abnormalities. Large series of fetal GS have shown chromosomal aneuploidy and additional unrelated fetal malformations in1.2% and 12%, respectively [5]. Most experts agree that the physiological midgut herniation is present between the 6 th and 11 th weeks of gestation and at crown-rump length of less than 45mm.…”

“…Most experts agree that the physiological midgut herniation is present between the 6 th and 11 th weeks of gestation and at crown-rump length of less than 45mm. However, there is 5% physiological midgut herniation could be observed at 12 weeks by three-dimension ultrasound (US) [3,5,10].…”

“…Routine prenatal screening and diagnosis of the AWD and any associated CD is paramount and considered standard of care. Early detection allows for prenatal genetic counselling and safe delivery at a tertiary care center with a multidisciplinary team involving neonatologists, obstetricians and pediatric surgeons [2,5]. Villa Clara province is in the central region of the Cuban archipelago, with a superficial extension of 8 411, 81 km 2 , occupying the fourth place among the fifteen Cuban provinces and representing 7.6% of the country´s total landmass [14].…”