Ultrasound of the Neck

Koischwitz, D; Gritzmann, N.

doi:10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70219-0

Cited by 94 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In assessment of large tumors and lesions located in deep portions of the glands, 5-10-MHz transducers may be useful (12). Probes with a median frequency above 10 MHz may be useful in evaluation of the internal structure of salivary glands (12,13).…”

Section: Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

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US of the Major Salivary Glands: Anatomy and Spatial Relationships, Pathologic Conditions, and Pitfalls

Białek¹,

Jakubowski²,

Zajkowski³

et al. 2006

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Section: Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their differentiation is not possible with US. Among nonepithelial lesions, hemangiomas, lipomas (Fig 26), and neurinomas or schwannomas may be found in salivary glands (12,(87)(88)(89)(90)(91).…”

Section: Radiographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

US of the Major Salivary Glands: Anatomy and Spatial Relationships, Pathologic Conditions, and Pitfalls

Białek¹,

Jakubowski²,

Zajkowski³

et al. 2006

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256

242

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“…There does not appear to be any vascular pattern that is specific for lymphomatous lymph nodes. Multiplicity of lymph nodes with a ''fence-like'' distribution may be suggestive of non-Hodgkin lymphoma independently of the vascular pattern [19]. Abnormal vessel pattern always should raise the suspicion of malignancy, and further investigation is mandatory to differentiate metastatic lymph nodes from lymphomatous ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular patterns in superficial lymphomatous lymph nodes: A detailed sonographic analysis

Białek

Jakubowski

Szczepanik

et al. 2007

Journal of Ultrasound

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KEYWORDSLymph nodes; Lymphoma; Ultrasound; Power Doppler; Vessel pattern.Abstract Purpose: To identify the vascular patterns found in superficial lymph nodes with histologically confirmed lymphomatous involvement and to determine their value in the sonographic diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. Methods and materials: The study involved the prospective classification of vascular patterns observed during power Doppler and/or color Doppler studies of superficial lymph nodes scheduled for resection. Forty patients (27 men and 13 women, aged 22e84 years; mean age: 58 years) with pathologically proven lymphoma were selected for this study (26 cervical, 13 axillary and 1 inguinal). Results: A longitudinal vessel with or without branches (pattern I) was found in 14 lymphomatous nodes. Six contained short vessel segments distributed in the hilum area or centrally (pattern II), five had multiple vessels, partially branching, entering the node in a few rows from its longitudinal side (pattern III), seven presented multiple vessels that branched irregularly or chaotically with avascular areas (pattern IV), and eight had a peripheral vessel distribution (pattern V). Therefore, 50% of the lymphomatous nodes had vascular patterns regarded as characteristic of reactive lymph nodes (patterns I and II), and 37.5% had patterns normally described in lymph nodes with metastatic involvement (patterns IV and V); other lymphomatous lymph nodes had ambiguous vascular patterns that have not been previously classified (pattern III). Conclusion: The angioarchitecture of superficial lymphomatous lymph nodes varies widely and is difficult to classify. It may resemble that reported in normal or reactive lymph nodes or patterns that are associated with metastases. The finding of a normal or benign vascular pattern in a lymph node with suspected lymphomatous involvement does not eliminate the need for a diagnostic biopsy. Sommario Scopo: Valutazione dei possibili pattern vascolari dei linfonodi superficiali interessati da linfoma confermato da esame istologico allo scopo di ottenere un elemento aggiuntivo nella diagnosi differenziale ecografica tra patologie interessanti i linfonodi. Materiali e metodi: È stata effettuata una classificazione ecografica prospettica di pattern vascolari color e power Doppler di 55 linfonodi superficiali programmati per resezione. Sono stati selezionati per questo studio 40 pazienti con diagnosi istologica di linfoma (26 linfonodi cervicali, 13 ascellari e 1 inguinale). Il gruppo di pazienti studiato era comprensivo di 27 uomini e 13 donne, età 22e84 anni (età media: 58 anni). Risultati: È stato trovato un vaso lungitudinale con o senza ramificazioni (pattern I) in 14 linfoadenopatie; piccoli segmenti vascolari distribuiti nell'area dell'ilo o nella zona centrale del linfonodo (pattern II) in 6 linfoadenopatie. Vasi multipli, parzialmente ramificati, che entrano nel linfonodo in alcune file dal lato longitudinale (pattern III) sono stati riscontrati in 5 linfonodi mentre vasi multipli che si ramificano irregolarmente o...

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“…It shows few artifacts, and it is of low cost in relation to similar methods and painless, being well tolerated by patients. This examination has the capacity to reproduce images in real time and to provide millimetrical resolution and vascular information, if Doppler is utilized [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, US of the head and neck region is considered one of the most complex examinations to be interpreted, requiring an experienced professional, who should have ample knowledge of the regional anatomy, be informed about the clinical condition of the patient and technically qualified to interpret abnormalities detected [4]. Since it is a dynamic test, the images obtained are better understood live.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Ultrasonography to the Diagnosis of Submucosal and Subcutaneous Nodular Lesions of the Oral and Maxillofacial Region: Analysis of Cases

Martins

Salum

Cherubini

et al. 2014

J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.

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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of ultrasonography in the establishment of the diagnosis of nonspecific nodular lesions of the oral soft tissues. We determined the indication of use and reliability of ultrasonography in the field of dentistry, considering whether it was of value in the conclusive diagnosis of these pathologies. Materials and Methods We recruited 65 patients from the Oral Medicine Unit of São Lucas Hospital, who had submucosal and subcutaneous nodules, without established diagnosis. They were subjected to ultrasonography of the lesion, carried out with standardization of the protocol and equipment, utilizing a Doppler system. The ultrasonographic report was prepared by an experienced professional, noting the imaging characteristics as well as the possibility of diagnosis. Two calibrated examiners analyzed the data, comparing the ultrasonographic report with the final diagnosis. Accordingly, we used established scoring, where zero corresponded to no contribution to the final diagnosis, 1 helped in the management of the case, and 2 when imaging determined the diagnosis. Results A zero score was obtained for 12.3 % of the examinations performed, and 1 and 2 accounted for respectively 41.5 and 46.1 %, totaling a contribution of about 88 %. Ultrasonography was of value in the diagnosis of vascular lesions in 93.3 % and of neoplasms in 87.5 %. In the salivary gland diseases, it contributed to the final diagnosis in 75 %. Conclusion The results demonstrated that ultrasonography is an effective tool in the determination of the definitive diagnosis of nonspecific nodular lesions of the soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region.

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Ultrasound of the Neck

Cited by 94 publications

References 48 publications

US of the Major Salivary Glands: Anatomy and Spatial Relationships, Pathologic Conditions, and Pitfalls

US of the Major Salivary Glands: Anatomy and Spatial Relationships, Pathologic Conditions, and Pitfalls

Vascular patterns in superficial lymphomatous lymph nodes: A detailed sonographic analysis

Contribution of Ultrasonography to the Diagnosis of Submucosal and Subcutaneous Nodular Lesions of the Oral and Maxillofacial Region: Analysis of Cases

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