Ultrasound for microalgal cell disruption and product extraction: A review

Liu, Ying; Liu, Xin; Cui, Yan; Yuan, Wenqiao

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106054

Cited by 78 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The ultrasound-assisted peeling process has advantages of shortening the reaction time, at a relatively low temperature, with a relatively simple flowsheet, which is easy to be controlled and amplified, and with potential scale-up value. , However, ultrasonic power needs to be controlled within a reasonable range; otherwise, it will reduce the stripping efficiency of the cathode active substance. As the ultrasonic time and power increase, the removal efficiency also increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Ultrasound-Assisted Recycling and Utilization of Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: State-of-the-Art and Outlook

Tong,

Ren,

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries can not only reduce the potential harm caused by solid waste piles to the local environment but also provide raw materials for manufacturing new batteries. Power ultrasound is one of the effective means to enhance the resourceful recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries, and the unique physical and chemical effects are the main mechanisms that lead to the enhancement. A large number of studies reported the recycling and utilization of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries with the assistance of ultrasound. In this paper, first, we discuss the pathway of ultrasonic enhancement of the resource-based recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries regarding the introduction of ultrasonic cavitation theories; second, we systematically review the research of ultrasonic applications in the separation of metal collectors from, the recovery of, and the regeneration of cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries; finally, shortcomings of the ultrasound-assisted technology in industrial applications are discussed, and prospects of industrial ultrasonic applications in the resource recycling and utilization of spent lithium-ion batteries are proposed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Ultrasound-Assisted Recycling and Utilization of Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: State-of-the-Art and Outlook

Tong,

Ren,

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Once the negative pressure is lower than the vapour pressure of the liquid, vapour-filled bubbles are formed in the liquid solution. Then, when the bubbles grow to the size at which the ultrasonic energy is insufficient to maintain the vapour inside, they collapse and release a large amount of mechanical energy in the form of a shock wave, leading to cell rupture [ 100 ]. One of the disadvantages of ultrasonic cavitation is the generation of a large amount of heat, which may degrade enzymes [ 98 ].…”

Section: Membrane Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterologous Expression of Recombinant Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) in Escherichia coli: N-Terminal Modification, Expression, Isolation, Purification, and Reconstitution

Tao

Fang

Ong

et al. 2023

BioTech

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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play important roles in metabolising endogenous and xenobiotic substances. Characterisations of human CYP proteins have been advanced with the rapid development of molecular technology that allows heterologous expression of human CYPs. Among several hosts, bacteria systems such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) have been widely used thanks to their ease of use, high level of protein yields, and affordable maintenance costs. However, the levels of expression in E. coli reported in the literature sometimes differ significantly. This paper aims to review several contributing factors, including N-terminal modifications, co-expression with a chaperon, selections of vectors and E. coli strains, bacteria culture and protein expression conditions, bacteria membrane preparations, CYP protein solubilizations, CYP protein purifications, and reconstitution of CYP catalytic systems. The common factors that would most likely lead to high expression of CYPs were identified and summarised. Nevertheless, each factor may still require careful evaluation for individual CYP isoforms to achieve a maximal expression level and catalytic activity. Recombinant E. coli systems have been evidenced as a useful tool in obtaining the ideal level of human CYP proteins, which ultimately allows for subsequent characterisations of structures and functions.

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“…The measurement using a hemocytometer, on the other hand, requires an expert to manually count the cells in the hemocytometer using a microscope [ 24 ]. Though commonly practiced, the measurement using a hemocytometer is only suitable for small-scale cultivation, as it is time-consuming [ 25 ]. Furthermore, the differences in perspective of the counting personnel may introduce some inconsistency in the measurement [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Microalgae Growth by the Optical Detection of Glucose in the NIR Waveband

et al. 2023

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Microalgae have become a popular area of research over the past few decades due to their enormous benefits to various sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, biofuels, and food and feed. Nevertheless, the benefits of microalgae cannot be fully exploited without the optimization of their upstream production. The growth of microalgae is commonly measured based on the optical density of the sample. However, the presence of debris in the culture and the optical absorption of the intercellular components affect the accuracy of this measurement. As a solution, this paper introduces the direct optical detection of glucose molecules at 940–960 nm to accurately measure the growth of microalgae. In addition, this paper also discusses the effects of the presence of glucose on the absorption of free water molecules in the culture. The potential of the optical detection of glucose as a complement to the commonly used optical density measurement at 680 nm is discussed in this paper. Lastly, a few recommendations for future works are presented to further verify the credibility of glucose detection for the accurate determination of microalgae’s growth.

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Ultrasound for microalgal cell disruption and product extraction: A review

Cited by 78 publications

References 107 publications

Review of Ultrasound-Assisted Recycling and Utilization of Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: State-of-the-Art and Outlook

Review of Ultrasound-Assisted Recycling and Utilization of Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: State-of-the-Art and Outlook

Heterologous Expression of Recombinant Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) in Escherichia coli: N-Terminal Modification, Expression, Isolation, Purification, and Reconstitution

Quantifying Microalgae Growth by the Optical Detection of Glucose in the NIR Waveband

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