Ultrasound assisted cleaner alternate emulsification method for oils and fats: tallow emulsion – fatliquor preparation for leather application

Sivakumar, V.; Gayathri, K.; Pranavi, P.S.; Chandrasekaran, F.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.05.039

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…Absorption Capacity of Modified Ricinoleic Acid-Based Fatliquor Emulsions. A variety of fatliquor emulsions were prepared by dissolving RA, RA-OH, RA-NH 2 , and RA-COOH individually in water using an ultrasonic dispersion method, 38 and the absorption capacity of these fatliquors was measured. The comparison of the color and the absorption capacity of ricinoleic acid-based fatliquor emulsions before and after fatliquoring are shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the Structure of Modified Ricinoleic Acids via the Thiol–Ene Click Reaction and the Fogging Value of Fatliquored Leather

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Herein, hydroxylated, aminated, and carboxylated ricinoleic acids (RA-OH, RA-NH 2 , RA-COOH) are individually prepared via facile and efficient thiol−ene click reactions with renewable ricinoleic acid and commercially available sulfhydryl compounds as raw materials. The resulting modified ricinoleic acids are subsequently used as natural oils to prepare environmentally friendly fatliquors for automotive interior leather of a low fogging value. Further, the influence of the molecular structure of the three modified ricinoleic acids on the fogging value and free grease content of the fatliquored leather is systematically studied by molecular dynamics simulation theoretical predictions and regular experimental characterization. The introduction of −OH, −NH 2 , and −COOH to ricinoleic acid can increase its ability to form strong intermolecular interactions with leather collagen fibers, as confirmed by the E binding values from molecular dynamics simulations. The interaction strength of modified ricinoleic acids and leather collagen is in the order RA-OH > RA-COOH > RA-NH 2 > RA, leading to a low migration rate of modified ricinoleic acids and an obvious lubricating effect on the collagen fibers. Among them, RA-OH shows the strongest intermolecular interaction with leather collagen and is difficult to migrate from the collagen matrix; thus, the RA-OH fatliquored leather exhibits the lowest fogging value of 6.38 mg, the lowest free grease content of 12.36%, and excellent softness and physical and mechanical properties. Overall, a combination of renewable ricinoleic acids with "green" thiol−ene click reactions provides a new strategy for the preparation of sustainable fatliquors for automotive interior leather of a low fogging value, and the wastewater after fatliquoring is also biodegradable, all of which contribute to the sustainable development of the fatliquors in the leather industry.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%