“…According to whether the cavitation bubble ruptures or not, the cavitation status can be divided into stable cavitation and transient cavitation [24] . The role of food proteins modification was mainly attributed to the transient cavitation of HIU due to the cavitation bubble will expand rapidly at high acoustic pressure and collapse when it reaches the critical point of resonance, which can generate instantaneous high temperature of up to 5000 K and high pressure of up to 30 MPa in the local area, and then induce a series of physical, chemical, and thermal effects [22] , [25] , [26] , [27] . Fig.…”
Section: Acoustic Cavitation Effects Of Hiumentioning
“…According to whether the cavitation bubble ruptures or not, the cavitation status can be divided into stable cavitation and transient cavitation [24] . The role of food proteins modification was mainly attributed to the transient cavitation of HIU due to the cavitation bubble will expand rapidly at high acoustic pressure and collapse when it reaches the critical point of resonance, which can generate instantaneous high temperature of up to 5000 K and high pressure of up to 30 MPa in the local area, and then induce a series of physical, chemical, and thermal effects [22] , [25] , [26] , [27] . Fig.…”
Section: Acoustic Cavitation Effects Of Hiumentioning
“…Moreover, the use of these residues as a feedstock does not compete with human food, making them an attractive alternative, considering current population growth [ 3 ]. However, in the last few years, there has been a change in the trend of lignocellulosic-biomass exploitation; from being a fuel source to other powerful applications, such as in advanced material synthesis, for the production of platform chemicals and even in some biomedical applications [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Nanoparticle-supported drug-delivery systems utilize several types of nanoparticles, both synthetic and bio-based, to store and deliver several drugs ( Figure 1 ).…”
Lignin is a fascinating aromatic biopolymer with high valorization potentiality. Besides its extensive value in the biorefinery context, as a renewable source of aromatics lignin is currently under evaluation for its huge potential in biomedical applications. Besides the specific antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of lignin, that depend on its source and isolation procedure, remarkable progress has been made, over the last five years, in the isolation, functionalization and modification of lignin and lignin-derived compounds to use as carriers for biologically active substances. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of the art in the field of lignin-based carrier systems, highlighting the most important results. Furthermore, the possibilities and constraints related to the physico–chemical properties of the lignin source will be reviewed herein as well as the modifications and processing required to make lignin suitable for the loading and release of active compounds.
“…Indeed, the exploitation of biobased materials coming from natural sources was considered as one of the most effective strategies towards sustainability [1]. Among others, lignocellulose biomasses are considered one of the most abundant and yet underutilised bioresources for the production of a broad range of added value products such as green fuels and chemicals [2,3]. Apart from its easy availability and abundance, the fact that 75% of its composition is contributed by polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) makes it a valuable raw material for the biofuel [4] and platform chemicals production [5,6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this context, the disclosure of even more effective delignification processes for the recovery of cellulose from agri-food wastes is desirable, and cavitational treatments could represent the breakthrough. Among them, acoustic (AC) and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) could provide a harsh physicochemical environment that is hard to achieve with other engineering procedures [30,31], especially in terms of energy efficiency, and could meet the challenges related to the processing of recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass for cellulose recovery [3].…”
Residual biomass from agri-food production chain and forestry are available in huge amounts for further valorisation processes. Delignification is usually the crucial step in the production of biofuels by fermentation as well as in the conversion of cellulose into high added-value compounds. High-intensity ultrasound (US) and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) have been widely exploited as effective pretreatment techniques for biomass conversion and in particular for cellulose recovery. Due to their peculiar mechanisms, cavitational treatments promote an effective lignocellulosic matrix dismantling with delignification at low temperature (35–50 °C). Cavitation also promotes cellulose decrystallization due to a partial depolymerization. The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances in US and HC-assisted delignification and further cellulose recovery and valorisation.
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