Ultrasonography (US) in the assessment of pediatric non traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies

Abstract

BackgroundNon traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies in the children and neonatal patient is a dilemma for the radiologist in the emergencies room and they presenting characteristics ultrasound features on the longitudinal and axial axis. The most frequent emergencies are : appendicitis, intussusceptions, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, volvulus due to intestinal malrotation. The aim of this article is to familiarize the reader with the US features.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 200 ultrasound examinations performed in neonatal and children patients with fever, abdominal pain, leukocytosis, vomiting and diarrhea were evaluated.ResultsOf 200 exame 50 cases of intussusceptions, 100 cases of appendicitis, 20 cases associated with abscess;10 gangrenous appendicitis with absence a color Doppler , and 10 cases of perforated appendicitis at tomography computer integration and 10 cases of volvulus was found.ConclusionsUltrasonography (US) is therefore rapidly becoming an important imaging modality for the evaluation of acute abdominal pain, particularly in pediatric patients, where satisfactory examination is often not achievable for the attending clinicians. US provides excellent anatomic detail on the longitudinally and axial axis .

Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Pediatric Non-Traumatic Gastrointestinal Emergencies

“…There was a significant association between cause of pediatric non-traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies and doughnut sign (p-value < 0.001), where 100% of intussusception cases had doughnut sign versus 0% of other cases. Table (7) showed relationship between cause of pediatric non-traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies and target sign among the studied cross-section. There was a significant association between cause of pediatric non-traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies and target sign (p-value < 0.001), where 100% of CHIPS and 98% of appendicitis cases had target sign by ultrasound and 95.2% of intussusception cases had target sign by X-RAY versus 0% of other cases.…”

Ureteral Stone Mimics Appendicitis: A Point-of-care Ultrasound Case Report

“…Other features include possible surrounding fluid, appendicolith, hyperemia of the bowel wall, inflamed surrounding mesenteric fat and lymphadenopathy. 1 A dilated ureter is also a tubular, noncompressible structure without peristalsis. The ureter will typically appear as a thin-walled structure, whereas, the appendix has a multi-layered appearance.…”

“…Pediatric patients or intellectually disabled patients can be challenging to care for due to their limited ability to explain symptoms, localize pain, and collaborate for a thorough exam. 1 Even when a pediatric patient is able to localize pain, multiple diagnoses could be possible. A prime example is the complaint of right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain.…”

Identification of a Pediatric Intra-abdominal Cystic Lymphangioma Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography

“…[12][13][14] Most patients present with abdominal pain; however, vague signs and symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, dysuria, anemia, abdominal distention, or ascites are also possible. It is considered by many to be the imaging study of choice for nontraumatic gastrointestinal emergencies, 9,18,19 and its liberal use in pediatric patients with vague or recurring pain is highly recommended. [13][14][15] With proper recognition, surgical resection can be performed.…”