Ultrasonography of the uterus of the goat

Hesselink, Jan Willem; Taverne, M.A.M.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1994.9694415

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Embryonic vesicles could be detected between the 21 st and 28 th days, whereas the embryo could be visualised by the 28-35 gestation days using transrectal and transabdominal uterine scans respectively (Haibel, 1990;Hesselink & Taverne, 1994;Martinez et al, 1998;Abdelghafar et al, 2010;Amer, 2010) The pregnancy diagnosis in goats is a primary factor for improving the reproductive performance in herds and achieving high economic efficiency. During the years, multiple techniques for pregnancy detection in small ruminants have been developed.…”

Section: в-Mode (Brightness) Real-time Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An experienced operator could achieve an accuracy of 91-100% (Romano & Christians, 2008). Hesselink & Taverne (1994) were the first to report the use of diagnostic ultrasound to detect pregnancy in goats. Af-terwards, В-mode ultrasonography has been applied by numerous researchers (Doize et al, 1997;Martinez et al, 1998;Gonzalez et al, 2004;Amer et al, 2010;Omontese et al, 2012).…”

Section: в-Mode (Brightness) Real-time Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats – a review

Karadaev¹

2015

BJVM

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SummaryKaradaev, M., 2015. Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats -a review. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 18, No 3,[183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193] Several techniques for pregnancy diagnosis in goats are developed. Some of them are efficient and applicable in the field, but not enough accurate. Others are outlined with a high precision, but require equipment and specialised skills. Laparoscopy, laparotomy and vaginal biopsy are accurate but invasive and thus, inappropriate for the routine practice. Abdominal inspection, transabdominal palpation and increased live weight could be indicative for pregnancy in goats but they are reliable only after the second half of gestation. Udder examination and palpation are of low accuracy and their independent application for pregnancy diagnosis is not suitable. Blood, milk and faecal progesterone assays could indicate pregnancy in goats after the 21 st post insemination day until the end of gestation. The detection of pregnancy associated glycoproteins (PAGs) in blood plasma or milk samples is an early pregnancy marker but requires laboratory equipment. Non-return to oestrus is a cheap, practical and widely used method for detection of pregnancy between post insemination days 17 and 21 and does without signs of oestrus are assumed to be pregnant. A-mode, B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography are alternative methods for pregnancy diagnosis. Their accuracy and practical application potential are different. The two-dimensional ultrasound is one of the most appropriate methods for pregnancy diagnosis in goats. The accuracy of the method is about 100% on post insemination day 25-30 using the transrectal approach, whereas via the transabdominal approach, this accuracy is attained between the 40 th and the 45 th day.

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Section: в-Mode (Brightness) Real-time Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: в-Mode (Brightness) Real-time Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats – a review

Karadaev¹

2015

BJVM

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“…Absence of heart beats and movements, increased fluid echogenicity, collapsed fetal posture, and hyperechogenicity of the cotyledons are a common finding in a non-viable pregnancy [7, 15]. If fetal degeneration occurs, sonographic image will demonstrate an undifferentiated image of the uterine content with anechoic to hyperechoic structure [16]. The exact outcome of antenatal death is unpredictable and is influenced by several factors, including the cause of fetal mortality, differences in pregnancy between species, stage of gestation at fetal death, and number of fetuses [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsequent Fertility of Goats with Prenatal Mortality Diagnosed by Ultrasound and Treated by PGF_2α and Oxytetracycline

Aban

Abdelghafar

Badawi

et al. 2017

Veterinary Medicine International

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Thirteen Saanen and Saanen crossbred female goats, between the ages of 6 months and 7, years were presented to the clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, for sonographic pregnancy diagnosis. Transabdominal ultrasound was performed using 3.5 MHz probe which revealed non-viable fetuses as judged by absence of heart beats and movements. Twelve goats were given single i/m injection of PGF2α analogue and 5% oxytetracycline. Ten goats responded to the treatment and six of them became pregnant and gave birth within the normal gestational period. One goat was diagnosed as non-pregnant, one goat developed hydrometra, and the subsequent fertility of two goats was unknown. Two full-term goats did not respond to treatment. Another dose of PGF2α was administered to them and again they did not respond. Manual attempts were done to deliver the full-term goat with dilated cervix and they were unsuccessful. Cesarean section and hysterectomy were then performed for the three full-term goats with unfavorable outcome. It can be concluded that ultrasound is a rapid, reliable, and nonhazardous procedure for the diagnosis of fetal mortality in goats and PGF2α treatment in conjunction with oxytetracycline is an efficient treatment.

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“…In goat, ultrasonography is routinely used for pregnancy diagnosis (Hesselink and Taverne, 1994;Buckrell, 1988). Recently, it was shown that transrectal ultrasonography is a useful and reliable method to observe the uterine involution and follicular dynamics in goats (Kandiel et al, 2012;Badawi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic assessment of uterine involution and ovarian activity in West Africa Sahelian goats

Zongo¹,

Mohammed²,

Hanzen³

et al. 2015

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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This study aimed to characterize uterine involution and early ovarian postpartum activity in Sahelian goats. A total of 21 goats were allowed to nurse their kids and were examined every other day for complete uterine involution or daily for follicular development using a 5 MHz transrectal linear transducer. The obtained results indicated three phases of uterine regression, a fast involution phase (rates of 0.71 cm/day), a second moderate involution phase (0.17 cm/day), and a low rate of 0.14 cm/day that ended by day 22.44 ± 1.54. During the experiment, two goats showed an abnormal uterine involution and were excluded from the general profile. The 19 other goats exhibited a very similar profile of uterine involution described by the logarithmic equation y = -2.33ln(x) + 9.43 (R 2 = 0.98, P < 0.05) where y = uterine diameter (cm) and x = days postpartum. Ovarian activity started within the first week postpartum and was characterized by appearance of one to three follicles ranged in mean size [4.95 ± 1.45 to 8.56 ± 0.66] on both ovaries. These findings could assist practitioners to decide when goats should be bred following parturition.

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Ultrasonography of the uterus of the goat

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats – a review

Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats – a review

Subsequent Fertility of Goats with Prenatal Mortality Diagnosed by Ultrasound and Treated by PGF_2α and Oxytetracycline

Ultrasonographic assessment of uterine involution and ovarian activity in West Africa Sahelian goats

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Ultrasonography of the uterus of the goat

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats – a review

Pregnancy diagnosis techniques in goats – a review

Subsequent Fertility of Goats with Prenatal Mortality Diagnosed by Ultrasound and Treated by PGF2α and Oxytetracycline

Ultrasonographic assessment of uterine involution and ovarian activity in West Africa Sahelian goats

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Product

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Subsequent Fertility of Goats with Prenatal Mortality Diagnosed by Ultrasound and Treated by PGF_2α and Oxytetracycline