Ultrasonography in diagnosis of appendicitis and its complications in pediatric patients: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Appendicitis is a common cause of acute abdomen in pediatrics. Although various criteria have been suggested in early diagnosis of appendicitis, these criteria are not as applicable for pediatric patients. Because of this, imaging has an important role in the diagnosis of appendicitis in pediatric patients. The present study was conducted on 121 pediatric patients with possible diagnosis of appendicitis. All of the patients underwent initial evaluation and then underwent sonographic imaging. Sonography was used to assess the existence of signs associated with appendicitis, or its complications. Imaging findings were compared in patients with complications with those with complications. True false positive, false negative, true positive, and true negative values were calculated. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in determining appendicitis was evaluated. Results: The mean age of children was 8.08 ± 3.25 years, with ages ranging from 3 to 14 years. Of the 121 children, 74(61.2%) were male and 47(38.8%) were female. In total, there were 3(2.4%) false positives and 2(1.6%) false negatives based on sonographic findings. There were also 54(44.6%) true positive and 62(51.2%) true negative based on sonographic findings. Based on the findings of ultrasound in this study, ultrasound sensitivity was 96.4%, specificity was 95.3%, positive predictive value was 94.7%, and negative predictive value was 96.8%. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is indicated in the diagnosis of appendicitis in pediatric patients and has optimal sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis. Furthermore, it is a suitable diagnostic method for evaluating complications of appendicitis.

Pre-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pediatric Acute Appendicitis: Risk Factors Model and Diagnosis Modality in a Developing Low-Income Country

“…The varying sensitivity of USG has become a topic of debate in academia. Some studies have indicated high diagnostic capabilities of USG in appendicitis with sensitivity and specificity of 88.1-96.4% and 91.4-95.3%, respectively [ 11 12 13 ], while some studies have shown 38-67% sensitivity and 92-97% specificity [ 14 15 16 ]. The present study follows the latter trend with 60% sensitivity and 72.73% specificity for USG.…”

Hubungan Diameter Apendiks Berdasarkan Usg Dengan Skor Alvarado Pada Apendisitis Akut

“…11,12 Berdasarkan data pada tabel 5.3 yang menampilkan karakteristik diameter apendi ks dari pasien apendisitis akut RSUD Ulin B anjarmasin baik yang memiliki skor alvarad o >7 maupun <7 didapatkan bahwa hanya 2 3 Hal ini dikarenakan, se nsitivitas dan spesifitas dari USG berbeda be da tergantung pada tempat dan hasil USG be rgantung pada operator dan protokol pada te mpat tersebut. 13,14 Analisis data dimulai dengan uji normalitas menggunakan uji Kolmogorov Smirnof, jika nilai p>0,05 maka dikatakan data memiliki sebaran data nya normal. Hasil uji normalitas pada data nilai skor alvarado dan ukuran diameter apendiks didapatkan hasil sebaran data normal, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji korelasi Pearson dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 % dan didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,078>0.05 maka disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan diantara ukuran diameter apendiks dengan nilai skor alvarado pada pasien apendisitis akut.…”

Adolescent girl with a huge pelvic collection

“…In particular, complicated appendicitis should always be taken into consideration in case of prolonged fever and persistent abdominal pain [2]. Diagnosis of appendicitis is usually based on clinical examination, but it can often be supported by abdominal US [3,4]. Notably, in complex cases, MRI may be useful to depict relevant ndings for alternative diagnoses [5,6].…”