Ultrasonic measurements of undamaged concrete layer thickness in a deteriorated concrete structure

Demčenko, Andriejus; Visser, H.A.; Akkerman, Remko

doi:10.1016/j.ndteint.2015.09.005

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The couplant B2 from Olympus (Center Valley, PA, USA) was also used to mitigate the coupling effect between the specimen surface and ultrasonic transducers. The ultrasonic wave centered at 500 kHz frequency is applied in this study, which is appropriate for the detection of the air voids and has been used in the concrete study by different researchers [29,30]. Ultrasonic waves generated by the excitation voltage can transmit through the specimen and keep being reflected at the transducer-specimen interface.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Experimental Attenuation Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Techniques for Air Void Size Distribution and Property Evaluation in Both Early-Age and Hardened Concrete Samples

et al. 2017

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Entrained air voids can improve the freeze-thaw durability of concrete, and also affect its mechanical and transport properties. Therefore, it is important to measure the air void structure and understand its influence on concrete performance for quality control. This paper aims to measure air void structure evolution at both early-age and hardened stages with the ultrasonic technique, and evaluates its influence on concrete properties. Three samples with different air entrainment agent content were specially prepared. The air void structure was determined with optimized inverse analysis by achieving the minimum error between experimental and theoretical attenuation. The early-age sample measurement showed that the air void content with the whole size range slightly decreases with curing time. The air void size distribution of hardened samples (at Day 28) was compared with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C457 test results. The air void size distribution with different amount of air entrainment agent was also favorably compared. In addition, the transport property, compressive strength, and dynamic modulus of concrete samples were also evaluated. The concrete transport decreased with the curing age, which is in accordance with the air void shrinkage. The correlation between the early-age strength development and hardened dynamic modulus with the ultrasonic parameters was also evaluated. The existence of clustered air voids in the Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) area was found to cause severe compressive strength loss. The results indicated that this developed ultrasonic technique has potential in air void size distribution measurement, and demonstrated the influence of air void structure evolution on concrete properties during both early-age and hardened stages.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Experimental Attenuation Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Techniques for Air Void Size Distribution and Property Evaluation in Both Early-Age and Hardened Concrete Samples

et al. 2017

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“…Currently, the use of non-destructive techniques for characterizing the microstructure of cement-based materials has become an important research field [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Among these techniques, impedance spectroscopy has been greatly developed during the last few years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Study of the Microstructural Effects of Sodium and Magnesium Sulphate Attack on Mortars Containing Silica Fume Using Impedance Spectroscopy

Williams¹,

Ortega

Sánchez

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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The microstructural effects of exposure to a 15% magnesium sulphate, 15% sodium sulphate, and mixed solutions were observed in mortars with and without silica fume, using the non-destructive impedance spectroscopy technique. The non-destructive "Wenner" resistivity test and the classical mercury intrusion porosimetry were used as contrast techniques. The compressive strength of the mortars was also studied. In view of the results obtained, impedance spectroscopy was the most sensitive technique for detecting changes in the porous network of the studied mortars. The addition of silica fume results in a more refined microstructure and a higher compressive strength in mortars exposed to aggressive sulphate solutions.

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“…Furthermore, the literature shows that the dispersion of ultrasonic waves at the frequencies proposed in this research are minimal in comparison with the change in pulse velocity in a degraded mortar. Demčenko et al [ 8 ] showed that there is no dispersion effects in a fully degraded mortar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ultrasonic signature of this layers can be found with the ultrasonic pulse-echo (UPE) technique. Demčenko et al [ 8 ] demonstrated that this technique is able to detect degradation due to acidic attack, based on finding a reflection from the healthy-degraded interface. Nevertheless, this method is limited by the resolution of the degraded depth reflection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology Based on Pulse-Velocity Measurements to Quantify the Chemical Degradation Levels in Thin Mortar Specimens

et al. 2018

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In this research, ultrasonic pulse echo measurements are used to quantify through thickness chemical degradation in thin mortar specimens. The degradation level is predicted using the time of travel of the acoustic wave through the thickness of the structure. The front and back wall interaction reflections are used to obtain additional information from very early stage degradation. The pulse-velocity of sound waves as a function of the thickness of the layers within the structure is described. With knowledge of the pulse-velocity in pristine and fully degraded conditions, it is possible to determine the complete range of degradation length over the layer thickness. The method is applicable for leaching of calcium and acidic attack. The acoustic measurements were verified with destructive testing. The correlation between the acoustic and non-acoustic experiments agree with the described pulse-velocity and degraded depth function. The method based on ultrasonic measurements can be implemented in other thin-layered structures.

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Ultrasonic measurements of undamaged concrete layer thickness in a deteriorated concrete structure

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Ultrasonic Techniques for Air Void Size Distribution and Property Evaluation in Both Early-Age and Hardened Concrete Samples

Ultrasonic Techniques for Air Void Size Distribution and Property Evaluation in Both Early-Age and Hardened Concrete Samples

Non-Destructive Study of the Microstructural Effects of Sodium and Magnesium Sulphate Attack on Mortars Containing Silica Fume Using Impedance Spectroscopy

A Methodology Based on Pulse-Velocity Measurements to Quantify the Chemical Degradation Levels in Thin Mortar Specimens

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