Ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide allow for the detection of metastases in normal sized pelvic lymph nodes of patients with bladder and/or prostate cancer

Abstract

USPIO-enhanced MRI in bladder and prostate cancer patients allows detection of metastases in normal sized lymph nodes and might guide the surgeon to remove suspicious lymph nodes not included in standard PLND.

A comprehensive literatures update of clinical researches of superparamagnetic resonance iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging

“…Investigator initiated studies have been continuing (85,86). Triantafyllou et al (85) reported the diagnostic accuracy of Resovist ® -enhanced MRI for the detection of metastases in normal sized lymph nodes using extended pelvic lymph node dissection and histopathology as the reference standard.…”

Imaging for Prostate Cancer

“…The typical missing signal loss in a suspicious lymph node was found with a per-patient sensitivity of 55 % in a first reading and in 58.3 % in a second pooled reading when searching for lymph nodes smaller than 10 mm short axis diameter in bladder cancer patients and 8 mm in PC patients. The specificity was 85.5 and 83 %, respectively [15]. Except one all missed metastases were \5 mm in the short axis diameter.…”

Adjuvant radiotherapy or early salvage radiotherapy in pT3R0 or pT3R1 prostate cancer

“…However, with an average sensitivity of 74 and 43%, respectively, choline PET and PET/CT still require improvement [16]. Also, alternative markers such as anti-1-amino-3-[18F] fluorocyclobutyl-1-carboxylic acid [17], single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-labelled nanoparticles [18] or MRI using superparamagnetic iron particles [19] are not yet mature for routine application, but future individualized treatment approaches will certainly incorporate such methods [20].…”