Ultrasmall Sn Nanoparticles Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon As High-Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Zhu, Zhiqiang; Wang, Shiwen; Du, Jing; Qi, Jin; Zhang, Tianran; Cheng, Fangyi; Chen, Jun

doi:10.1021/nl403631h

Cited by 539 publications

(338 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In order to take full advantage of being small in size and avoid the negative effects of nanocrystallization, researchers try to control the Sn size by dispersing it in a carbon matrix 6, 22, 26, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55. The stable and flexible carbon matrix can effectively suppress the tendency of grain aggregation and growth during preparation, thus controlling the Sn particle sizes with a relatively simple process at low cost.…”

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stable and flexible carbon matrix can effectively suppress the tendency of grain aggregation and growth during preparation, thus controlling the Sn particle sizes with a relatively simple process at low cost. In addition, the carbon matrix prevents the direct contact of Sn and electrolyte and greatly avoids the adverse side reactions, thereby improving the coulombic efficiency 52. The carbon matrix also works as a high‐efficiency conducting medium and enhances the rate performance of electrode materials.…”

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People have varied the carbon precursors to produce the carbon matrix, including micromolecular organics,22, 26, 49, 50, 52, 56 polymer,6, 53, 57, 58, 59 saccharides,48, 51, 60, 61, 62 resins,55, 63, 64 graphene,65, 66, 67 etc. Derrien et al49 reported a synthesis of nano‐Sn (with a small amount of SnO 2 ) embedded in a carbon matrix.…”

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Chen and co‐workers52 prepared ultra‐small Sn nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen‐doped porous carbon by using a divalent Sn complex, Sn(Salen) as precursor. Sn was homogenously distributed in the complex at molecular dimension.…”

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metallic Sn‐Based Anode Materials: Application in High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

2017

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With the fast‐growing demand for green and safe energy sources, rechargeable ion batteries have gradually occupied the major current market of energy storage devices due to their advantages of high capacities, long cycling life, superior rate ability, and so on. Metallic Sn‐based anodes are perceived as one of the most promising alternatives to the conventional graphite anode and have attracted great attention due to the high theoretical capacities of Sn in both lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) (994 mA h g−1) and sodium‐ion batteries (847 mA h g−1). Though Sony has used Sn–Co–C nanocomposites as its commercial LIB anodes, to develop even better batteries using metallic Sn‐based anodes there are still two main obstacles that must be overcome: poor cycling stability and low coulombic efficiency. In this review, the latest and most outstanding developments in metallic Sn‐based anodes for LIBs and SIBs are summarized. And it covers the modification strategies including size control, alloying, and structure design to effectually improve the electrochemical properties. The superiorities and limitations are analyzed and discussed, aiming to provide an in‐depth understanding of the theoretical works and practical developments of metallic Sn‐based anode materials.

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Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Control Of Sn Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Metallic Sn‐Based Anode Materials: Application in High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

2017

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Ultrasmall Sn Nanoparticles Embedded in Carbon as High‐Performance Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Liu

Zhang

Jiao

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

504

278

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Designed as a high‐capacity, high‐rate, and long‐cycle life anode for sodium‐ion batteries, ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles (≈8 nm) homogeneously embedded in spherical carbon network (denoted as 8‐Sn@C) is prepared using an aerosol spray pyrolysis method. Instrumental analyses show that 8‐Sn@C nanocomposite with 46 wt% Sn and a BET surface area of 150.43 m2 g−1 delivers an initial reversible capacity of ≈493.6 mA h g−1 at the current density of 200 mA g−1, a high‐rate capacity of 349 mA h g−1 even at 4000 mA g−1, and a stable capacity of ≈415 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles at 1000 mA g−1. The remarkable electrochemical performance of 8‐Sn@C is owing to the synergetic effects between the well‐dispersed ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles and the conductive carbon network. This unique structure of very‐fine Sn nanoparticles embedded in the porous carbon network can effectively suppress the volume fluctuation and particle aggregation of tin during prolonged sodiation/desodiation process, thus solving the major problems of pulverization, loss of electrical contact and low utilization rate facing Sn anode.

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Sn‐Based Nanoparticles Encapsulated in a Porous 3D Graphene Network: Advanced Anodes for High‐Rate and Long Life Li‐Ion Batteries

Maier

2015

Adv Funct Materials

156

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Sn‐based materials have triggered significant research efforts as anodes for lithium‐storage because of their high theoretical capacity. However, the practical applications of Sn‐based materials are hindered by low capacity release and poor cycle life, which are mainly caused by structural pulverization and large volume changes on cycling. Herein, a surfactant‐assisted assembly method is developed to fabricate 3D nanoarchitectures in which Sn‐based nanoparticles are encapsulated by a porous graphene network. More precisely, the graphene forms a 3D cellular network, the interstices of which only partially filled by the electroactive masses, thus establishing a high concentration of interconnected nanosized pores. While the graphene‐network itself guarantees fast electron transfer, it is the characteristic presence of nanosized pores in our network that leads to the favorable rate capability and cycling stability by i) accommodating the large volume expansion of Sn‐based nanoparticles to ensure integrity of the 3D framework upon cycling and ii) enabling rapid access of Li‐ions into Sn‐based nanoparticles, which are in addition prevented from agglomerating. As a result, the 3D Sn‐based nanoarchitectures deliver excellent electrochemical properties including high rate capability and stable cycle performance. Importantly, this strategy provides a new pathway for the rational engineering of anode materials with large volume changes to achieve improved electrochemical performances.

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Ultrasmall Sn Nanoparticles Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon As High-Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cited by 539 publications

References 46 publications

Metallic Sn‐Based Anode Materials: Application in High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Metallic Sn‐Based Anode Materials: Application in High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Ultrasmall Sn Nanoparticles Embedded in Carbon as High‐Performance Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Sn‐Based Nanoparticles Encapsulated in a Porous 3D Graphene Network: Advanced Anodes for High‐Rate and Long Life Li‐Ion Batteries

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