Ultrasmall inorganic nanoparticles: State-of-the-art and perspectives for biomedical applications

Zarschler, Kristof; Rocks, Louise; Licciardello, Nadia; Boselli, Luca; Polo, Ester; García, Karina Pombo; Cola, Luisa De; Stephan, Holger; Dawson, Kenneth A.

doi:10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.019

Cited by 252 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 585 publications

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“…8 The properties of SPIONs are known to be size dependent, and consequently, the effect that they produce on tissues is varied. 9,10 Another important parameter responsible for toxicity of the SPIONs is the shape of these nanoparticles. It was correspondence: alexander V soldatov; elena a Kuchma The smart Materials research center, southern Federal University of russia, sladkova 178, rostov-on-Don 344090, russia email soldatov@sfedu.ru; elenaku4ma@ yandex.ru shown that rod-shaped nanoparticles were more toxic than the sphere-shaped ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low toxic maghemite nanoparticles for theranostic applications

Kuchma¹,

Zolotukhin²,

Belanova³

et al. 2017

IJN

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Background Iron oxide nanoparticles have numerous and versatile biological properties, ranging from direct and immediate biochemical effects to prolonged influences on tissues. Most applications have strict requirements with respect to the chemical and physical properties of such agents. Therefore, developing rational design methods of synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles remains of vital importance in nanobiomedicine. Methods Low toxic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for theranostic applications in oncology having spherical shape and maghemite structure were produced using the fast microwave synthesis technique and were fully characterized by several complementary methods (transmission electron microscopy [TEM], X-ray diffraction [XRD], dynamic light scattering [DLS], X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy [XPS], X-ray absorption near edge structure [XANES], Mossbauer spectroscopy, and HeLa cells toxicity testing). Results TEM showed that the majority of the obtained nanoparticles were almost spherical and did not exceed 20 nm in diameter. The averaged DLS hydrodynamic size was found to be ~33 nm, while that of nanocrystallites estimated by XRD waŝ16 nm. Both XRD and XPS studies evidenced the maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) atomic and electronic structure of the synthesized nanoparticles. The XANES data analysis demonstrated the structure of the nanoparticles being similar to that of macroscopic maghemite. The Mossbauer spectroscopy revealed the γ-Fe 2 O 3 phase of the nanoparticles and vibration magnetometry study showed that reactive oxygen species in HeLa cells are generated both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Conclusion Quasispherical Fe 3+ SPIONs having the maghemite structure with the average size of 16 nm obtained by using the fast microwave synthesis technique are expected to be of great value for theranostic applications in oncology and multimodal anticancer therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low toxic maghemite nanoparticles for theranostic applications

Kuchma¹,

Zolotukhin²,

Belanova³

et al. 2017

IJN

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“…In the medical field, extensive research is underway to develop new CNT biomaterials for use in the treatment and diagnosis of disease [5,6,7]. However, there are concerns about the effect of CNTs on human health [8,9,10]. Since nanomaterials show different physicochemical properties from conventional materials, their effects on human health remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dispersion State of Tangled Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Affects Their Cytotoxicity

et al. 2016

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The medical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered much attention. However, evaluating the safety of CNTs remains difficult, and no consensus has been reached. Moreover, assessing the biosafety of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), which can become tangled during manufacturing, is challenging because they do not readily disperse. We studied how the dispersion state of tangled MWCNTs affects their cytotoxicity, using three sonicators. Flotube 9110 (FT9110), tangled MWCNTs, were dispersed in two dispersants (fetal bovine serum and polysorbate 80) using a new type of sonicator (PR-1) and two conventional sonicators. The size and cytotoxicity of the dispersed FT9110 were measured using the BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cell line. The PR-1 dispersed the FT9110 to agglomerates <200 nm in diameter; FT9110 dispersed with the PR-1 did not show cytotoxicity regardless of dispersant. The other sonicators dispersed the FT9110 to particles >1000 nm in diameter, and cytotoxicity depended on the dispersant. We found that excluding cells adhered to agglomerated FT9110 before evaluating cytotoxicity can lead to false-positive results. The PR-1 sonicator dispersed tangled FT9110 to many single fibers, which showed lower cytotoxicity than conventionally-sonicated MWCNTs. We suggest that dispersion state should be accounted for when evaluating the cytotoxicity of MWCNTs.

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“…This is due to both their potential medical application of nanoparticles [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and danger for humans [12][13][14][15]. The promising future of biomedical application and the potential danger of nanoparticles are to a considerable extent predicated by their ability to penetrate through cell and intercellular membranes and, therefore, spread throughout the organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%