Ultrashort-laser-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in pure H<sub>2</sub>O and a NaCl–H<sub>2</sub>O solution

The solvation of a single NaCl molecule in water molecules is discussed using density functional theory. As we add H2O molecules, the distance between Na and Cl ions increases. Six H2O molecules are enough to make both the distances between Na and Cl ions with nearest O atoms (in H2O molecule) less than Na-Cl distance. Natural bond analysis (NBO) shows that absolute charges on Na and Cl ions decrease as we add H2O molecules with the absolute charge on Na ion slightly less than Cl ion. The energy gap increases and approaches the experimental energy gap of liquid water at 6.9 eV. Both Gibbs free energy and enthalpy are negative indicating that the reaction is spontaneous and exothermic. The enthalpy converges to the value of the solvation of both Na and Cl ions in water. The negative sign of the entropy indicates order reaction. The Raman vibrational spectra changes from the single vibrational mode at 341.93 cm−1 of NaCl molecule and three H2O molecule vibrational modes at 1584, 3863.9, and 3778 cm−1 to three multi bands centred at 500, 1600 and 3400 cm−1 for NaCl with 9 H2O molecules with the diminishing of Na-Cl vibration intensity.

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Short-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane

Huang

Kuo

et al. 2020

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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1,2-dichloroethane () and 1,2-dibromoethane () show linear absorption (LA) and stimulated light scattering in response to the excitation by 820 nm 18 fs laser pulses. Using the -scan technique, with these pulses separated by 12.2 ns (much shorter than both samples’ thermal diffusivity time constants ’s) and extended over 41 ms (considerably longer than ’s), we investigated the thermal lensing effect of both samples and found that LA dominates their heating. In addition, relative to , shows more/less thermal lensing effect before/after the exposure time passes ’s. This means that the thermal lensing effect is more severely reinforced by heating and stabilized by thermal diffusivity in than in . Notably, the Kerr lensing effect is negligible in this study, although it is noticeable in a -scan study with 17 ps laser pulses.

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Ultrashort-laser-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in pure H₂O and a NaCl–H₂O solution

Abstract: Using the Z-scan technique with 82 MHz 18 femtosecond (fs) laser pulses at 820 nm, we explore the thermal lensing effect induced in pure H2O and a NaCl–H2O solution. We verify the contributions of thermal and mass diffusions in NaCl–H2O.

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Thermal lensing in liquid ethanol induced by high-power diode laser and its effect in beam quality factor M2

Thermal lensing in liquid ethanol induced by high-power diode laser and its effect in beam quality factor M2

Structural, Vibrational and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Nacl Single-Molecule Dissolution in Water: A DFT Study

Short-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane

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Ultrashort-laser-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in pure H2O and a NaCl–H2O solution

Abstract: Using the Z-scan technique with 82 MHz 18 femtosecond (fs) laser pulses at 820 nm, we explore the thermal lensing effect induced in pure H2O and a NaCl–H2O solution. We verify the contributions of thermal and mass diffusions in NaCl–H2O.

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Thermal lensing in liquid ethanol induced by high-power diode laser and its effect in beam quality factor M2

Thermal lensing in liquid ethanol induced by high-power diode laser and its effect in beam quality factor M2

Structural, Vibrational and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Nacl Single-Molecule Dissolution in Water: A DFT Study

Short-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Ultrashort-laser-pulse-induced thermal lensing effect in pure H₂O and a NaCl–H₂O solution