Ultrasensitive NO Gas Sensor Based on the Graphene Oxide-Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating

Abstract

An ultrasensitive nitric oxide (NO) gas sensor based on the graphene oxide (GO)-coated long-period fiber grating (LPFG) was constructed successfully because of its excellent sensitivity to the surrounding refractive index (SRI) change. The surface morphology and structure of GO coated on LPFG were characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning probe microscope (SPM), and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The adsorption principle of NO molecules by GO was calculated in detail by density functional theory (DFT) and further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-TR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our studies demonstrate that the adsorption principle of NO molecules by GO was the combined effect of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption because of the formation of C–N bonds between GO and NO and the oxidization of NO to NO2. The NO sensor exhibits excellent sensing performance in the NO concentration range of 0 to 400 ppm.

Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Functionalization and Sensing Applications

“…Graphene based electrochemical sensors are the low cost, highly sensitive and offer ease of operation for the detection of toxix substances as: 4-nitrochlorobenzene [681] (LOD = 10 nM), for the detection of hydrazine [682], sulfides [683], 4-aminophenol [684], diphenolic compounds [685], hydroquinone [686]. In addition, toxic gaseous species can be detected as reported in [687] and example are H 2 [688] (LOD: 20 ppm), CO [689] (LOD: 0.25 ppm), CO 2 [690] (sensitivity 0.17%/ppm), NO [691] (sensitivity: 63.65 pm/ppm), NO 2 [692] (LOD: 0.5 ppm) SO 2 [693] (LOD: 0.5 ppm), ammonia [694,695]. More information may be found in the review on the toxic gas detection based on graphene metal-oxides [696].…”

Research Progress of Graphene and Its Derivatives towards Exhaled Breath Analysis

“…Xu et al constructed an ultra-sensitive NO gas sensor by long-period fiber grating (LFPG) which was covered with GO on a long-period fiber grating (LFPG) that had good sensitivity by refractive index (SRI) changes [ 60 ]. The GO was coated on the long-period fiber grating (LPFG) ( Figure 5 a).…”

“… ( a ) The structure of GO–LPFG and the response mechanism to NO [ 60 ]. Copyright (2019), used with permission from Elsevier.…”

Fiber-Tip Polymer Microcantilever for Fast and Highly Sensitive Hydrogen Measurement

“…Thus, the development of a sensitive and rapid hydrogen detection method is of great significance in many energy, medical, and biological applications. Commercial hydrogen sensors based on resistance, both electrochemical and microelectromechanical, are still demodulated with an electrical signal so that there is the potential risk of an explosion triggered by an electric spark during the electrical signal readout. − Optical fibers as a low-cost ultracompact platform have been widely used in biochemical research. − Compared with the electrical ones, the optical sensors are much more suitable for an explosive environment due to the absence of electrical arcing, avoiding the risk of detonation and electromagnetic interference. − Over the past few decades, various types of hydrogen sensors have been investigated, such as surface plasma resonance (SPR) architectures, − fiber evanescent field structures, − optical fiber interferometers, , and fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). , SPR architectures need expensive instruments to precisely control the thickness of the metal film, which complicates the manufacturing process. Fiber evanescent field structures usually require tapering or side polishing of the optical fiber to enhance the evanescent field; this process decreases the robustness of the sensor.…”