Ultrasensitive Near‐Infrared Raman Reporters for SERS‐Based In Vivo Cancer Detection

Abstract

Zuverlässige Berichterstattung: Das Screening einer 80‐teiligen Tricarbocyanin‐Bibliothek lieferte CyNAMLA‐381 als Nahinfrarot‐SERS‐Reporter mit guter Signalstabilität und höherer Empfindlichkeit als der Standard (SERS=oberflächenverstärkte Raman‐Spektroskopie). Durch Verkapselung von CyNAMLA‐381 an der Oberfläche von Gold‐Nanopartikeln und Konjugation mit Antikörpern wurden SERS‐Nanomarker mit ausgezeichneter Empfindlichkeit, Stabilität und Tumorspezifität in Xenograft‐Modellen erhalten (siehe Bild).

Gold Nanoparticles for In Vitro Diagnostics

“…304 Chang et al presented a series of SERS nanotags consisting of AuNPs and Raman reporter molecules for cancer detection. 305 They prepared a lipoic acid-containing NIR-active tricarbocyanine library (CyNAMLA) and tested their SERS properties after chemisorption on AuNP surfaces. Among the NIR active dyes, CyNAMLA-381 exhibited strong SERS intensity and was further applied as an ultrasensitive SERS probe for in vivo cancer imaging.…”

“…Among the NIR active dyes, CyNAMLA-381 exhibited strong SERS intensity and was further applied as an ultrasensitive SERS probe for in vivo cancer imaging. 305b Irudayaraj and co-workers presented DNA-AuNP reversible networks grown on cell surface marker sites. 306 The SERS tags were used to determine cell surface markers, CD44 and CD24, in three breast cancer cell lines for sensing a CD44 + /CD24 − subpopulation of breast cancer stem cells.…”

Surgical Guidance via Multiplexed Molecular Imaging of Fresh Tissues Labeled With SERS-Coded Nanoparticles

“…Tumor-to-normal contrast has been achieved either through the nonspecific accumulation of NPs in the tumor (i.e. the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect [53,54]) orthrough specific binding of molecularly targeted NPs to their cancer biomarker targets [33,34,55]. SERS NPs have a relatively large size (20–120 nm [21,22,25,26,33,44,56]) compared with fluorescence dyes (~1 nm).…”

Actively Targeted In Vivo Multiplex Detection of Intrinsic Cancer Biomarkers Using Biocompatible SERS Nanotags

“…In this context, recently, SERS is being proposed as an alternative and it is realized through SERS-active nanoparticles (SERS nanotags)9101112. SERS nanotags are constructed by attaching strong Raman active molecules (reporter molecules, RMs) onto Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and encapsulating them in a polyethylene glycol (PEG)/Silica/bovine serum albumin shell1314151617. This encapsulation helps in providing the physical robustness, stable signal, protection from bio-chemical environment and means for bio-conjugation.…”

“…To address this, recently, a library of near infra-red (NIR) active RMs were developed and successfully demonstrated for in vivo detection of cancer biomarker16. To enhance the sensitivity of SERS nanotags for in vivo application, plasmonic tuning of SERS substrates (nanoparticles) have also been demonstrated.…”