Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescent brombuterol immunoassay by applying a multiple signal amplification strategy based on a PAMAM-gold nanoparticle conjugate as the bioprobe and Ag@Au core shell nanoparticles as a substrate

Disposable immunoplatforms for the simultaneous determination of biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders using poly(amidoamine) dendrimer/gold nanoparticle nanocomposite

“…Thus, AuNP-PAMAM and PtNP-PAMAM nanocomposites were used as electrode modifiers to anchor bioreceptors to develop enzyme biosensors [31][32][33], immunosensors [28,[34][35][36], and aptasensors [37]. In addition, AuNP-PAMAM and AgNP-PAMAM nanocomposites have been employed as efficient nanocarriers to load a high number of biomolecules such as antibodies [38][39][40] and oligonucleotides [41].…”

A Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on PAMAM Dendrimer-Encapsulated Au for Detection of Norfloxacin in Animal-Derived Foods

“…The dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanoparticles (PAMAM-Au) were prepared by the reduction of chloroauric acid into the dendrimer interior [ 18 ]. The prepared PAMAM-Au does not only have a favorable loading capacity of other molecules but also increases the electrical signal, because of its conductive superiority of gold nanoparticles [ 19 , 20 ]. Immuno-competition mode, which is based on the specific competitive recognition effect of antibodies for antigens and labelled antigens or coating antigens is a typical valid detection method for small molecular substances.…”

Recent advances in electrogenerated chemiluminescence biosensing methods for pharmaceuticals

“… Drugs/Analytes Systems Linear ranges LOD (S/N = 3) Samples Ref. Ranibizumab Sandwich-type, biotinylated rhVEGF/antigen/ruthenium-labeled antibodies, captured by streptavidin-coated paramagnetic beads 300–24,000 pg/mL 300 pg/mL Human serum [56] Clenbuterol (CLB) CLB-BSA-CHIT-AuNPs/GCE, Competitive immunoassay, Ru(bpy) 3 2+ -labeled antibody 0.010–1.0 ng/mL 0.0050 ng/mL Swine urine [57] Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Sandwich-type, enhancing ECL of S 2 O 8 2- -O 2 system 0.05–20 μIU/mL 0.02 μIU/mL Human serum [58] Morphine Signal-off, label-free, Ab/AuNPs/APTMS/ITO in PBS (pH 8.0)-0.1 mM H 2 O 2 2–200 ng/mL 0.82 ng/mL Spiked urine [59] Morphine Signal-off, label-free, Ab/CdS-PAMAM/AuNPs/Au in 0.1 M PBS-0.1 M K 2 S 2 O 8 (pH7.4) 0.2–180 ng/mL 67 pg/mL Human blood plasma [60] Phenylethanolamine A (PA) Competitive immunoassay, signal-off, PA-Ag/CHIT/CdSe QDs/GCE, PA-Ab/GaR IgG-HRP in 0.1 M Tris–HCl buffer (pH 9.0)-0.1 M KNO 3 -0.5 mM HQ 0.05–1000 ng/mL 0.015 ng/mL Pork and liver from swine [61] Brombuterol (Bro) Competitive immunoassay, signal-off, Bro-Ag/SWCNTs-PAMAM-Ag@Au/GCE, signal probe (PAMAM-Au-CdSe QDs) in 0.1 M PBS (pH 9.0)-0.1 M K 2 S 2 O 8 0.001–1000 ng/mL 37 fg/mL Pork and feed [62] Ketamine Signal-off, Ab/PAMAM-carbon dots/AuNPs/GCE) in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.4)- 0.1 M K 2 S 2 O 8 0.2–200 ng/mL 0.067 ng/mL Spiked human plasma [63] Insulin Sandwich-type, ZnCd ...…”

“…The immunosensor was used to determine the concentration of morphine in spiked urine samples with a satisfactory recovery. Hu et al [62] designed an ECL immunosensor for the illicit β-adrenergic agonist brombuterol (Brom) by applying a multiple signal amplification strategy based on a PAMAM-gold nanoparticle conjugate as the bioprobe and Ag@Au core shell nanoparticles as a substrate. The ECL immunosensor was fabricated by successively drop-coating PAMAM-SCNW, Ag@Au core/shell NPs, and Brom coating antigen on the surface of GCE.…”