Ultrasensitive and Highly Selective Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine Using Poly(ionic liquids)–Cobalt Polyoxometalate/CNT Composite

Abstract

A novel sandwich polyoxometalate (POM) Na12[WCo3(H2O)2(CoW9O34)2] and poly(vinylimidazolium) cation [PVIM+] in combination with nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) was developed for a highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of dopamine. Conductively efficient heterogenization of Co5POM catalyst by PVIM over NCNTs provides the synergy between PVIM–POM catalyst and NCNTs as a conductive support which enhances the electron transport at the electrode/electrolyte interface and eliminates the interference of ascorbic acid (AA) at physiological pH (7.4). The novel PVIM–Co5POM/NCNT composite demonstrates a superior selectivity and sensitivity with a lowest detection limit of 500 pM (0.0005 μM) and a wide linear detection range of 0.0005–600 μM even in the presence of higher concentration of AA (500 μM).

Electrochemical investigation and amperometry determination iodate based on ionic liquid/polyoxotungstate/P-doped electrochemically reduced graphene oxide multi-component nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode

“…37 Furthermore, immobilization or dispersion of POMs on different supporting carbon materials has attracted signicant attention due to their small background currents, wide potential windows, low-cost, excellent chemical stability, and a strong affinity for POMs. [38][39][40][41][42][43] Graphene was discovered in 2004 as a new carbon nanostructure by Novoselov and Geim. 44 Graphene is a twodimensional (2D) crystal composed of a monolayer of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal packing structure.…”

Graphene and Carbon Nanotube‐based Electrochemical Sensing Platforms for Dopamine

“…[180] A kind of sandwich-type structured nanocomposite has been prepared to employ nitrogen-doped CNTs (NCNTs) with polyoxometalate (POM) Na 12 [WCo 3 (H 2 O) 2 (CoW 9 O3 4 ) 2 ] and poly(vinyl imidazolium) cation [PVIM + ] in modification of GCE concerning the selective determination of DA. [181] Such intriguing material magnifies charge transfer rate as well as can be a promising electrode towards DA. Due to the synergistic effect, the electrode displayed superb sensitivity and the lowest LOD of 500 pM towards DA.…”

Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Materials for Electrochemical Sensing of the Neurotransmitter Dopamine

“…It provides chemical and physical stability to eliminate the AA interference with increased sensitivity with detection range of 0.0005 μM to 600 μM. The proficient heterogenization of Co 5 POM catalyst by poly (ionic liquid) over N‐CNTs provides the synergy effect that helps to enhance the electron movement at the interface . Schematic representation of PVIM‐Co 5 POM/ N‐CNT composite for DA detection is shown in Figure .…”

“…The proficient heterogenization of Co 5 POM catalyst by poly (ionic liquid) over N-CNTs provides the synergy effect that helps to enhance the electron movement at the interface. [101] Schematic representation of PVIM-Co 5 POM/ N-CNT composite for DA detection is shown in Figure 8. A GCE coated thin AuNPpoly(luminol) (AuNP-Plu) hybrid film, followed by MWCNTs with incorporated β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was developed by Jia et al [102] AuNPs were dispersed into the polymer-matrix due to porous nature of Plu film, and it generates the additional electrocatalytic sites and sensitivity for oxidation of DA.…”