Ultrapreconcentration and determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water by solid‐phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

Solid-phase extraction coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed as an ultra-preconcentration method for the determination of four organophosphorus pesticides (isocarbophos, parathion-methyl, triazophos and fenitrothion) in water samples. The analytes considered in this study were rapidly extracted and concentrated from large volumes of aqueous solutions (100 mL) by solid-phase extraction coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and then analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. Experimental variables including type and volume of elution solvent, volume and flow rate of sample solution, salt concentration, type and volume of extraction solvent and sample solution pH were investigated for the solid-phase extraction coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with these analytes, and the best results were obtained using methanol as eluent and ethylene chloride as extraction solvent. Under the optimal conditions, an exhaustive extraction for four analytes (recoveries >86.9%) and high enrichment factors were attained. The limits of detection were between 0.021 and 0.15 μg/L. The relative standard deviations for 0.5 μg/L of the pesticides in water were in the range of 1.9-6.8% (n = 5). The proposed strategy offered the advantages of simple operation, high enrichment factor and sensitivity and was successfully applied to the determination of four organophosphorus pesticides in water samples.

Rapid detection of triazophos in cucumber using lateral flow immunochromatographic assay

“…In general, chromatography and mass spectrometry such as gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Chen et al, 2016;Huang et al, 2019;Ling-Li et al, 2016;Rafique et al, 2016;Reinholds et al, 2016) have excellent sensitivity and reliability for TZP detection. However, these methods are expensive, time consuming, and require experienced technicians (Chao et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2019;Shen et al, 2019).…”

Using N-doped Carbon Dots Prepared Rapidly by Microwave Digestion as Nanoprobes and Nanocatalysts for Fluorescence Determination of Ultratrace Isocarbophos with Label-Free Aptamers

“…The reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, and immunotoxicity of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) was investigated in all kinds of pesticides [35], and IPS was one of them. The detection techniques were mainly gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, fluorescence, and electrochemical sensors [36,37,38,39]. Herein, on the basis of the Apt–IPS reaction, the CD fluorescence probe, and the TMB OX probe, two new, rapid, and sensitive methods for the detection of IPS were established.…”

Applications of solid‐phase micro‐extraction with mass spectrometry in pesticide analysis

“…In recent years, OPPs have become the most widely used class of agricultural pesticides because of their low persistency and high efficiency . However, many studies have proved these OPPs to be mutagenic, carcinogenic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, teratogenic, and immunotoxic . Several commonly occurring pesticides have been included in the list of top pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, World Health Organization, and Codex Alimentarius .…”