Ultramarathon Running: Medical Issues

Knechtle, Beat

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28265-7_13

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…More and more people want to overcome the boundaries of their physical and mental endurance. It has been repeatedly shown that ultramarathons are associated with a significantly higher risk of dehydration, overexertion, or dysfunction of the gastrointestinal or urinary systems [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Obviously, these difficulties affect the mental wellbeing of runners, who are often focused on the internal struggle with these difficulties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Mood and Cognitive Performance before and after a 100 km Nighttime Ultramarathon Run

Krokosz

Bidzan-Bluma

Ratkowski

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Ultramarathons are becoming an increasingly popular endurance sport. Year after year, the demands on athletes’ skills and endurance increase. Ultramarathons are particularly taxing on athletes’ psychological functioning. This study assessed the relationships between taking part in a nighttime ultramarathon and changes in mood and cognitive functioning. The study included 20 experienced runners aged 26–57 (M = 37.29; SD = 7.94) who had M = 7.08, SD = 5.41 (range 3–44) years of experience running. There were 18 men and 2 women. The mood states were measured twice, just before the start of the run and shortly after crossing the finish line, using the Polish version of the UMACL UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist by Mathews, Chamberlain, and Jones. To assess cognitive functioning, the Stroop Color and Word Test and “Forward digit span” subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale were used. We observed statistically significant changes in the mood of the runners: tense arousal, associated with the experienced stress, was significantly higher before the run than immediately after the finish. Moreover, we observed an improvement in cognitive functioning after finishing the 100 km run on both of the trials on the Stroop color word test and on the forward digit span test.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Mood and Cognitive Performance before and after a 100 km Nighttime Ultramarathon Run

Krokosz

Bidzan-Bluma

Ratkowski

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One particular type of endurance sport is ultramarathon (UM) running, which involves distances longer than 42.2 km ( Knechtle, 2012 ; Ferrer et al, 2015 ). Such extended physical effort is an extremely strenuous activity, both physiologically ( Millet et al, 2002 ; Knechtle, 2017 ; Zakovska et al, 2017 ; Knechtle and Nikolaidis, 2018 ) and psychologically ( Rauch et al, 1988 ; Tharion et al, 1988 ; Nicolas et al, 2011 ). Research suggests that during a UM run participants are exposed to risks of overexertion, dehydration, gastrointestinal tract problems, and the associated psychological consequences ( Bowen et al, 2006 ; Holt et al, 2014 ; Chlíbková et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Traits and Vitamin D3 Supplementation Affect Mood State 12 h Before 100 km Ultramarathon Run

et al. 2018

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Background: Participation in extreme endurance sports is becoming an increasingly popular activity, and thus more and more people are getting involved in it. Taking part in a 100 km run is associated with great physiological and psychological stress, which can affect one’s mood state. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine if personality, experience, and motives for participation are related to a runner’s mood and its changes as well as to investigate whether vitamin D3 supplementation influences mood 12 h before and 12 h after the run.Method: The study group consisted of 20 experienced marathon and ultramarathon runners taking part in a 100 km track run. All participants were males aged between 31 and 50 (M = 40.75, SD = 7.15). The group was divided in two equal subgroups: the placebo group and the group supplemented with vitamin D3. Personality traits were assessed using the Polish version of Eysenck’s EPQ-R 106 and mood states were measured twice (12 h before and after the run) using the Polish version of the UMACL by Mathews, Chamberlain, and Jones. Motives for participation in ultramarathons were measured with the IPAO by Lipowski and Zaleski.Results: Levels of vitamin D3 correlated very strongly with energetic arousal (EA) (rs = 0.80; p < 0.05) and strongly hedonic tone (HT) (rs = 0.74; p < 0.05) 12 h before the run. There were no significant correlations between levels of vitamin D3 and mood states after the run. Moreover, extraversion correlated moderately with tense arousal (TA) (rs = -0.48; p < 0.05) and EA (rs = 0.47; p < 0.05) while neuroticism correlated moderately with TA (rs = 0.53; p < 0.05) and HT (rs = -0.57; p < 0.05).Conclusion: Both personality and vitamin D3 supplementation are related to runners’ pre-run mood. These effects are nullified when it comes to post-run mood states.

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Ultramarathon Running: Medical Issues

Cited by 2 publications

References 102 publications

Changes of Mood and Cognitive Performance before and after a 100 km Nighttime Ultramarathon Run

Changes of Mood and Cognitive Performance before and after a 100 km Nighttime Ultramarathon Run

Personality Traits and Vitamin D3 Supplementation Affect Mood State 12 h Before 100 km Ultramarathon Run

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