Ultrahigh Resolution Multiplexed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Crustal Strain Monitoring

Liu, Q.; Tokunaga, Tomochika; Mogi, Katsuo; Matsui, Hiroya; Wang, H. F.; Kato, Takashi; He, Zuyuan

doi:10.1109/jphot.2012.2201217

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The strain resolution of the FBG sensor is calculated to be better than 10 nε. This is the first time that 10 nε order static strain resolution is demonstrated in practice with FBG sensors [14].…”

Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Ultrahigh resolution fiber-optic quasi-static strain sensors for geophysical research

Liu

Tokunaga

2013

Photonic Sens

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A review of our recent work on ultrahigh resolution optical fiber sensors in the quasi-static region is presented, and their applications in crustal deformation measurement are introduced. Geophysical research such as studies on earthquake and volcano requires monitoring the earth's crustal deformation continuously with a strain resolution on the order of nano-strains (nε) in static to low frequency region. Optical fiber sensors are very attractive due to their unique advantages such as low cost, small size, and easy deployment. However, the resolution of conventional optical fiber strain sensors is far from satisfactory in the quasi-static domain. In this paper, several types of recently developed fiber-optic sensors with ultrahigh resolution in the quasi-static domain are introduced, including a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor interrogated with a narrow linewidth tunable laser, an FBG based fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) sensor by using a phase modulation technique, and an FFPI sensor with a sideband interrogation technique. Quantificational analyses and field experimental results demonstrated that the FBG sensor can provide nano-order strain resolution. The sub-nano strain resolution was also achieved by the FFPI sensors in laboratory. Above achievements provide the basis to develop powerful fiber-optic tools for geophysical research on crustal deformation monitoring.

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Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Ultrahigh resolution fiber-optic quasi-static strain sensors for geophysical research

Liu

Tokunaga

2013

Photonic Sens

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“…Note that electric power supply pickup (peaks at 60 Hz and its harmonics) are indicated as dashed lines. 19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In FBG sensors, both wavelength-swept and wavelength-fixed CW lasers have been used to interrogate the FBG output 5,9,[15][16][17][18][19][20] . The wavelength-sweeping scheme can offer ~10-nε static strain resolution 19 , nevertheless, the necessity for frequency scanning usually hinders the data acquisition rate (less than 10 Hz). Besides, the resolution is also limited by the repeatability and nonlinearity of the spectral sweeping 5 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive, high-dynamic-range and broadband strain sensing by time-of-flight detection with femtosecond-laser frequency combs

Lü

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Ultrahigh-resolution optical strain sensors provide powerful tools in various scientific and engineering fields, ranging from long-baseline interferometers to civil and aerospace industries. Here we demonstrate an ultrahigh-resolution fibre strain sensing method by directly detecting the time-of-flight (TOF) change of the optical pulse train generated from a free-running passively mode-locked laser (MLL) frequency comb. We achieved a local strain resolution of 18 pε/Hz1/2 and 1.9 pε/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz and 3 kHz, respectively, with large dynamic range of >154 dB at 3 kHz. For remote-point sensing at 1-km distance, 80 pε/Hz1/2 (at 1 Hz) and 2.2 pε/Hz1/2 (at 3 kHz) resolution is demonstrated. While attaining both ultrahigh resolution and large dynamic range, the demonstrated method can be readily extended for multiple-point sensing as well by taking advantage of the broad optical comb spectra. These advantages may allow various applications of this sensor in geophysical science, structural health monitoring, and underwater science.

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“…Fiber sensors offer excellent advantages in characterizing temperature, concentration, velocity, force, and strain due to their low optical insertion loss, immunity to electromagnetic interference, low cost, light weight, small footprint, and high sensitivity. In the fiber sensing fields, numerous research accomplishments including the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) [ 1 ], photonic crystal fiber (PCF) [ 2 ], and single mode fiber [ 3 ] have advanced fiber strain ε, the length change ratio to the original fiber length on the FBG [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], and sensing, especially temperature independent multi-sensing and the spatial division multiplexing system [ 11 ]. In the last decade, the FBG and associated technologies have been widely employed to obtain highly sensitive and accurate monitoring results for providing superior and intelligent security sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Interrogated FBG Spectral Linewidth for Strain Sensing through Correlation

Hsu

Chuang

Chen

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The spectral linewidth from two cross-correlated fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are interrogated and characterized using a delayed self-homodyne method for fiber strain sensing. This approach employs a common higher frequency resolution instead of wavelength. A sensitivity and resolution of 166 MHz/με and 50 nε were demonstrated from 4 GHz spectral linewidth characterization on the electric spectrum analyzer. A 10 nε higher resolution can be expected through random noise analyses when the spectral linewidth from two FBG correlations is reduced to 1 GHz. Moreover, the FBG spectrum is broadened during strain and experimentally shows a 0.44 pm/με sensitivity, which is mainly caused by the photo elastic effect from the fiber grating period stretch.

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Ultrahigh Resolution Multiplexed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Crustal Strain Monitoring

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Ultrahigh resolution fiber-optic quasi-static strain sensors for geophysical research

Ultrahigh resolution fiber-optic quasi-static strain sensors for geophysical research

Ultrasensitive, high-dynamic-range and broadband strain sensing by time-of-flight detection with femtosecond-laser frequency combs

Two Interrogated FBG Spectral Linewidth for Strain Sensing through Correlation

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