Ultrafine Particle Emissions from Cigarette Smouldering, Incense Burning, Vacuum Cleaner Motor Operation and Cooking

Abstract

Combustion activities such as cigarette smouldering, incense burning and cooking are important sources of particulate matters (PM) in indoor environments. Vacuum cleaning contributes to the non-combustion-related sources of PMs. In this study, we investigated the rates at which ultrafine particles (UFPs) are emitted from cigarettes, incenses and vacuum cleaners in a small test chamber. UFP emission from cooking was obtained by conducting experiments in a residential kitchen. Particle number concentrations and size distributions from these sources were measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and the UFP emission rates were then determined using a material balance approach. The mean UFP emission rates of cigarette smouldering and incense burning were found to be 3.36 ± 0.34 and 0.44 ± 0.33 × 1011 particles min−1 in terms of the number emission rate, or 22.78 ± 1.21 and 3.48 ± 2.98 × 1015 nm2 min−1 in terms of the surface area emission rate, respectively. Vacuum cleaner motor operation and cooking showed high variations in UFP emission, in the ranges 0.013–0.066 and 4.70–148.29 × 1011 particles min−1, respectively. A database of emission rates for UFP sources can be compiled, which will be useful in estimating the UFP concentration and subsequent human exposure.

Indoor Air Quality Management by Combined Ventilation and Air Cleaning: An Experimental Study

“…The maximum concentration reached in the chamber was 2.2 × 10 5 particles cm -3 as measured by SMPS. Generally, the particle size distribution was obtained similar to earlier studies researching a cigarette smoke (Daher et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2011). Particle size distributions measured by ELPI+ and SMPS were in close agreement, after converting aerodynamic diameter to the mobility diameter, even though these instruments measure different physical properties.…”

Nanoparticle emissions from 11 non-vehicle exhaust sources – A review

“…Morawska et al (1997) found peak values at slightly lower sizes (i.e. between 60 and 90 nm) while Wu et al (2011) and Daher et al (2010) found peaks at sizes above 100 nm (i.e. at ~110 and 132±11 nm, respectively).…”

Indoor aerosol modeling for assessment of exposure and respiratory tract deposited dose

“…The most common indoor sources are produced during combustion processes, operation of electric appliances, computer equipment, etc, (e.g. Abdullahi et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2012;Glytsos et al, 2010;Sjaastad and Svendsen, 2008;Lazaridis et al, 2006;Abt et al, 2000;Hetland et al, 2000). There are also many poorly understood emerging sources that introduce new exposure aspects indoors such as electronic cigarettes, decorative ethanol fireplaces, zeolites from washing powders, and household products containing nanoparticles (Schripp et al, 2014(Schripp et al, , 2013Quadros and Marr, 2011;Gudmundsson et al, 2007).…”