Ultrafast Self‐Gelling and Wet Adhesive Powder for Acute Hemostasis and Wound Healing

Abstract

Achieving rapid and effective hemostasis on irregularly shaped, non‐compressible visceral, and high‐pressure arterial bleeding wounds remains a critical clinical challenge. Herein, an ultrafast self‐gelling and wet adhesive polyethyleneimine/polyacrylic acid/quaternized chitosan (PEI/PAA/QCS) powder is reported as the hemostatic material and wound dressing. PEI/PAA/QCS powder deposited on bleeding wounds can rapidly absorb a large amount of blood to concentrate coagulation factors. Meanwhile, the powder can form an adhesive hydrogel in situ within 4 s upon hydration to form a pressure‐resistant physical barrier. Furthermore, PEI/PAA/QCS hydrogels can aggregate blood cells and platelets to enhance hemostasis. Depositing PEI/PAA/QCS powder on various bleeding wounds, including at the liver and heart, high‐pressure femoral artery and tail vein of rats, arrests the bleeding around 10 s with no rebleeding after ten minutes. Excellent hemostasis of PEI/PAA/QCS powder is further demonstrated against massive hemorrhage in porcine spleen and liver in vivo, which are non‐compressible organs with abundant blood supply. In addition, the powder can be used as a wound dressing to promote the healing of the full‐thickness skin wounds. The advantages of PEI/PAA/QCS powder including rapid and effective hemostasis, effective wound healing, easy usage, low cost, and adaptability to fit complex target sites make it a promising biomaterial for surgical applications.

Mussel‐ and Barnacle Cement Proteins‐Inspired Dual‐Bionic Bioadhesive with Repeatable Wet‐Tissue Adhesion, Multimodal Self‐Healing, and Antibacterial Capability for Nonpressing Hemostasis and Promoted Wound Healing

“…An ideal hemostatic material for arterial and viscera wounds generally requires robust wet‐tissue adhesion capability, sufficient mechanical property to resist blood pressure, high red blood cells (RBCs) aggregation ability, along with quick wound healing capability. [ 5 ] Mussels have been reported to bind strongly to virtually all inorganic and organic surfaces in aqueous environment, because catechol side chains of L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA) extracted from folded mussel foot protein (Mfp) have the ability to form different types of chemical interactions and crosslink with various matrices ( Figure A). [ 6 ] Tannic acid (TA) with multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups has been demonstrated with capability to enhance wet‐tissue adhesive strength dependent on a similar mussel adhesion mechanism.…”

Dual-Driven Hemostats Featured with Puncturing Erythrocytes for Severe Bleeding in Complex Wounds

“…In this study, the animal tests conducted were approved by Animal Care and Ethics Committee of Southwest University. Hemostatic performance in vivo was evaluated using a rat tail amputation model and a femoral artery hemorrhage model, as previously described [ 38 ]. In the tail amputation model, after anesthetizing the rats by pelltobarbitalum natricum solution (50 mg/kg) and cutting the tail vein and femoral artery of the rats, 100 mg of SEC-Fe@Ca powder with 100 mg of TXA-NH 3 + was promptly applied to the wounds.…”

Adhesive Hemostatic Hydrogel with Ultrafast Gelation Arrests Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Pigs

“…The platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) was then obtained by centrifugation at 200 × g for 10 min at room temperature. [ 29 ] The whole blood or PRP was dropped onto the hydrogels surface and incubated at 37 °C for 5 min respectively. Samples were then washed with PBS for 3 times and fixed by glutaraldehyde (2.5 wt%) overnight, followed by gradually dehydrating using 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% ethanol for 10 min respectively.…”