Ultrafast nonlinear refraction in an active MQW waveguide

Fisher, Michael A.; Wickes, H.J.; Kennedy, G. T.; Grant, R. S.; Sibbett, W.

doi:10.1049/el:19930792

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Previous research estimated n 2 of a waveguide structure for C-band using this approach. 27 However, our study of active QCL waveguides involves a more complicated structure with strong GVD and intersubband absorption. 1.…”

Section: Investigation Of Giant Kerr Nonlinearity In Quantum Cascade mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of giant Kerr nonlinearity in quantum cascade lasers using mid-infrared femtosecond pulses

Cai

Liu

Lalanne

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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We study the Kerr nonlinearity of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) by coupling resonant and off-resonant mid-infrared (mid-IR) femtosecond (fs) pulses into an active QCL waveguide. We observe an increase in the spectral width of the transmitted fs pulses as the coupled mid-infrared (mid-IR) pulse power increases. This is explained by the self-phase modulation effect due to the large Kerr nonlinearity of QCL waveguides. We further confirm this effect by observing the intensity dependent far-field profile of the transmitted mid-IR pulses, showing the pulses undergo self-focusing as they propagate through the active QCL due to the intensity dependent refractive index. We experimentally estimate the nonlinear refractive index n2 of a QCL to be ∼8 × 10−9 cm2/W using the far-field beam profile of the transmitted pulses. The finite-difference time-domain simulations of QCL waveguides with Kerr nonlinearity incorporated show similar behavior to the experimental results.

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Section: Investigation Of Giant Kerr Nonlinearity In Quantum Cascade mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of giant Kerr nonlinearity in quantum cascade lasers using mid-infrared femtosecond pulses

Cai

Liu

Lalanne

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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“…A rise in lattice temperature is predicted to result in a decrease in the n 2 coefficient, as shown by [28], and hence the use of a 'thick' active region may not be as advantageous as one might have expected. Many non-linear refractive index measurements have been reported for lasers or amplifiers having a multiple-quantum-well (MQW) based active region [10][11][12][13]. These values have generally been smaller than those reported for bulk devices [6,8,9,13].…”

Section: Application To Slab Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective non-linear coefficients of optical waveguides

Grant

1996

Optical and Quantum Electronics

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Using the weakly guiding approximation, and with the assumption that the nonlinearities are sufficiently weak so as not to change the transverse mode profile, perturbation theory is used to derive simple expressions for evaluating the modal, or effective, non-linear coefficients of optical waveguide structures based on the non-linear coefficients of the constituent materials. In particular, the third-order and fifth-order optical non-linearities of refraction and absorption are discussed. The expressions are used to estimate the effective modal non-linear refraction coefficients for various types of slab waveguides, focusing primarily on femtosecond refractive non-linearities in semiconductor amplifiers, including quantum-well structures. The results are of particular relevance to the design of all-optical switches based on these effects.

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Nonlinear Optoelectronic Materials

Brzozowski

Sargent

2006

Springer Handbook of Electronic and Photonic Materials

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Ultrafast nonlinear refraction in an active MQW waveguide

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Investigation of giant Kerr nonlinearity in quantum cascade lasers using mid-infrared femtosecond pulses

Investigation of giant Kerr nonlinearity in quantum cascade lasers using mid-infrared femtosecond pulses

Effective non-linear coefficients of optical waveguides

Nonlinear Optoelectronic Materials

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