Ultrafast laser inscription of a 121-waveguide fan-out for astrophotonics

Thomson, Robert R.; Harris, Robert J.; Birks, T. A.; Brown, G.; Allington‐Smith, J. R.; Bland-Hawthorn, Joss

doi:10.1364/ol.37.002331

Cited by 72 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thomson et al successfully demonstrated a four-core MCF fan-out device that takes the 50 µm-spaced cores arranged in a square and reformats them into an linear array with 250 µm pitch to match a commercial fibre V-groove arrays [144]. The work was followed up with fan-out device for a 120-core MCF [145]. Even though both suffered from insertion losses between 5 and 7 dB at a wavelength of 1550 nm, subsequent optimisation of the inscription process resulted in the commercial availability of devices with insertion losses on the order of 1 dB [146].…”

Section: Multicore Fibre Fan-outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

2015

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Since the discovery that tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses can induce a highly localised and permanent refractive index modification in a large number of transparent dielectrics, the technique of ultrafast laser inscription has received great attention from a wide range of applications. In particular, the capability to create three-dimensional optical waveguide circuits has opened up new opportunities for integrated photonics that would not have been possible with traditional planar fabrication techniques because it enables full access to the many degrees of freedom in a photon. This paper reviews the basic techniques and technological challenges of 3D integrated photonics fabricated using ultrafast laser inscription as well as reviews the most recent progress in the fields of astrophotonics, optical communication, quantum photonics, emulation of quantum systems, optofluidics and sensing.

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Section: Multicore Fibre Fan-outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

2015

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“…Thus, the full capabilities of implementing photonic-lantern-enabled single-mode spectrographs on-sky, on an astronomical telescope, remain unproven. In this paper, we report the successful on-sky application of a 'hybrid' photonic-reformatter technology based on an MCF photonic lantern and a ULI fabricated reformatting component (Thomson et al 2012) (Fig. 1) that reformats an AO-corrected H-band telescope PSF into a diffraction-limited pseudo-slit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient photonic reformatting of celestial light for diffraction-limited spectroscopy

MacLachlan

Harris

Gris-Sánchez

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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The spectral resolution of a dispersive astronomical spectrograph is limited by the trade-off between throughput and the width of the entrance slit. Photonic guided-wave transitions have been proposed as a route to bypass this trade-off, by enabling the efficient reformatting of incoherent seeing-limited light collected by the telescope into a linear array of single modes: a pseudo-slit which is highly multimode in one axis but diffraction-limited in the dispersion axis of the spectrograph. It is anticipated that the size of a single-object spectrograph fed with light in this manner would be essentially independent of the telescope aperture size. A further anticipated benefit is that such spectrographs would be free of 'modal noise', a phenomenon that occurs in high-resolution multimode fibre-fed spectrographs due to the coherent nature of the telescope point-spread-function (PSF). We address these aspects by integrating a multicore fibre photonic lantern with an ultrafast laser inscribed three-dimensional waveguide interconnect to spatially reformat the modes within the PSF into a diffraction-limited pseudo-slit. Using the CANARY adaptive optics (AO) demonstrator on the William Herschel Telescope, and 1530 ± 80 nm stellar light, the device is found to exhibit a transmission of 47 -53 % depending upon the mode of AO correction applied. We also show the advantage of using AO to couple light into such a device by sampling only the core of the CANARY PSF. This result underscores the possibility that a fully-optimised guided-wave device can be used with AO to provide efficient spectroscopy at high spectral resolution.

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“…Additionally, so called lab-on-a-chip applications could be realized by fslaser inscription in combination with selective chemical etching [17]. Even more sophisticated devices like waveguide fan-outs for astrophysics [18] or photonic bandgap structures [19] were demonstrated. More detailed information about fs-laser written optical devices can be found elsewhere [20], [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystalline Waveguide Lasers in the Visible and Near-Infrared Spectral Range

Calmano

Müller

2015

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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This paper summarizes our recent results on crystalline waveguides and waveguide lasers fabricated by the femtosecond-laser writing technique. Highly efficient waveguide lasers emitting in the near infrared spectral range based on ytterbium and neodymium doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 with slope efficiencies above 70% and continuous wave output powers of more than 5 W were demonstrated. Furthermore, pulsed laser operation of passively Q-switched Yb:YAG and Nd:YAG wavequide lasers was achieved by incorporating the saturable absorber Cr 4+ :YAG in a monolithic setup. Based on fs-laser written curved structures in Yb:YAG, efficient curved waveguide lasers could be demonstrated. Also, waveguide lasers in the visible spectral range were investigated. We achieved laser emission in the green, orange, red and deep-red spectral region and could demonstrate output powers of more than 1 W with waveguides based on praseodymium doped materials. Additionally, switchable and dual wavelength operation between the orange and red laser emission was achieved. By utilizing the nonlinear crystal KTiOPO 4 as substrate material for fs-laser inscription, nonlinear waveguides were realized. With these devices, efficient second harmonic generation into the blue and green spectral range was achieved.

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Ultrafast laser inscription of a 121-waveguide fan-out for astrophotonics

Cited by 72 publications

References 12 publications

Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

Efficient photonic reformatting of celestial light for diffraction-limited spectroscopy

Crystalline Waveguide Lasers in the Visible and Near-Infrared Spectral Range

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