Ultrafast Fabrication of Self-Healing and Injectable Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogel Dressing for Wound Healing

Abstract

Herein, a new type of injectable carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) hydrogel wound dressing with self-healing properties is constructed. First, CMCh samples are homogeneously synthesized in alkali/urea aqueous solutions. Subsequently, trivalent metal ions of Fe3+ and Al3+ are introduced to form coordination bonds with CMCh, leading to an ultrafast gelation process. A series of hydrogels can be obtained by altering the concentration of CMCh and the relative content of metal ions. Owing to the dynamic and reversible characteristics of the coordination bonds, the hydrogel exhibits self-healing, self-adaption, and thermoresponsive ability. Moreover, due to the interaction between the amino groups on CMCh and SO4 2–, the hydrogel undergoes phase separation and can be painlessly detached from the skin with little residue. Taking advantage of all these characteristics, the hydrogel is used as a wound dressing and can significantly accelerate skin tissue regeneration and wound closure. This hydrogel has great potential in the application of tissue engineering.

[Retracted] Platelet‐Rich Plasma‐Derived Exosomal USP15 Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing via Deubiquitinating EIF4A1

“…Herein, we found that HaCaT cells were able to efficiently internalize PRP-Exos. It has been reported that a range of new types of hydrogels with specifically tailored biochemical functions can accelerate wound healing, thus exhibiting good prospects for therapeutic application [ 26 , 27 ]. However, such artificial hydrogels play a less direct role in normal physiological processes, and a combination of exosomes and hydrogels may thus offer greater advantages further expediting the wound healing process.…”

Mussel‐ and Barnacle Cement Proteins‐Inspired Dual‐Bionic Bioadhesive with Repeatable Wet‐Tissue Adhesion, Multimodal Self‐Healing, and Antibacterial Capability for Nonpressing Hemostasis and Promoted Wound Healing

“…Complete coordination and close contact between wound and dressings are expected to speed up hemostasis as well as improve regeneration efficiency. [ 37 ] Traditional hydrogel dressings are facile to form cracks under stress, which may affect integrity of the network structure, cause loss of function, and eventually be detached from the wound site prematurely. Furthermore, it was once demonstrated that hydrogels without compliance and self‐healing abilities could not manage the irregularly shaped injuries well, leading to a high probability of bacterial infection during wound treatment and delaying the rate of healing.…”

“…[ 38 ] In this context, hemostatic hydrogel dressings with excellent self‐healing behaviors can resist accidental tearing caused by wound activity or external forces, and therefore provide mechanical protection during the whole repair process. [ 37 ] Herein, our proposed hydrogels owned dynamic electrostatic interactions and reversible hydrogen bonds, which made them have a high potential of exhibiting an ideal self‐healing behavior ( Figure A).…”

Antibacterial Cellulose Nanocrystal-Incorporated Hydrogels With Satisfactory Vascularization for Enhancing Skin Regeneration

“…Due to excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid and chitosan are the most commonly used natural biopolymers in the wound dressing field ( Nosrati et al, 2021 ). For example, Cao et al (2021) prepared a novel carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel used for wound healing, which exhibited thermoresponsive capacity to accelerate wound closure and surrounding tissues regeneration. Yang et al (2016) proposed a facile approach to produce a polyacrylamide–chitosan (PAM-CS) composite hydrogel with dramatically improved tensile strength and toughness, which can efficiently accelerate skin repair at different wound healing periods.…”