Ultra-precise characterization of LCLS hard X-ray focusing mirrors by high resolution slope measuring deflectometry

Siewert, Frank; Buchheim, Jana; Boutet, Sébastien; Williams, Garth J.; Montanez, P.; Krzywiński, J.; Signorato, Riccardo

doi:10.1364/oe.20.004525

Cited by 135 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…LCP-SFX experiments were carried out at the Coherent X-ray Imaging (CXI) instrument 25 at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) in the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (Menlo Park, California, USA). X-ray pulses of 40 fs duration at a wavelength of 1.3 Å (9.5 keV) were attenuated to ~6% (9×10 10 photons/pulse) and focused to ~1.5 μm diameter at the interaction point using Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors 26 . GCGR-NNC0640-mAb1 complex crystals in LCP were injected across the XFEL beam using an LCP injector 24 with a 50 μm diameter nozzle at a flow rate of ~0.2 μl/min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the full-length glucagon class B G-protein-coupled receptor

Zhang

Qiao

Yang

et al. 2017

Nature

189

172

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The human glucagon receptor (GCGR) belongs to the class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and plays a key role in glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Here we report the 3.0 Å crystal structure of full-length GCGR containing both extracellular domain (ECD) and transmembrane domain (TMD) in an inactive conformation. The two domains are connected by a 12-residue segment termed the ‘stalk’, which adopts a β-strand conformation, instead of forming an α-helix as observed in the previously solved structure of GCGR-TMD. The first extracellular loop (ECL1) exhibits a β-hairpin conformation and interacts with the stalk to form a compact β-sheet structure. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange, disulfide cross-linking and molecular dynamics studies suggest that the stalk and ECL1 play critical roles in modulating peptide ligand binding and receptor activation. These insights into the full-length GCGR structure deepen our understanding about the signaling mechanisms of class B GPCRs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the full-length glucagon class B G-protein-coupled receptor

Zhang

Qiao

Yang

et al. 2017

Nature

189

172

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“…Each individual frequency is generated based on equation (11) with b n = b Â 2:1 Â 10 À10 Â n À1:5 and a random phase n . The value for b n with b = 1 is an approximation to the measurements reported for a state-of-the-art mirror (Siewert et al, 2012). The constructed figure error profiles for the low-frequency range and for the high-frequency range are shown in the top panels of Figs.…”

Section: With Figure Errorsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…slope error below 0.05 mrad and r.m.s. height error below 1 nm (Siewert et al, 2012) have already been manufactured. Based on equation (1), these state-of-the-art mirrors should be treated using the waveoptics approach even for low spatial frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid method for X-ray optics simulation: combining geometric ray-tracing and wavefront propagation

Shi

Reininger

Río

et al. 2014

J Synchrotron Radiat

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A new method for beamline simulation combining ray-tracing and wavefront propagation is described. The 'Hybrid Method' computes diffraction effects when the beam is clipped by an aperture or mirror length and can also simulate the effect of figure errors in the optical elements when diffraction is present. The effect of different spatial frequencies of figure errors on the image is compared with SHADOW results pointing to the limitations of the latter. The code has been benchmarked against the multi-electron version of SRW in one dimension to show its validity in the case of fully, partially and non-coherent beams. The results demonstrate that the code is considerably faster than the multi-electron version of SRW and is therefore a useful tool for beamline design and optimization.

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“…12,27,[37][38][39][40][41] This can be thought of as a repeatability ( Below we describe a custom-made tilt stage Model N-310K021 designed and manufactured at Physik…”

Section: Design and Compliance Tests Of A Tilt Stage For A Utm Smentioning

confidence: 99%

High precision tilt stage as a key element to a universal test mirror for characterization and calibration of slope measuring instruments

Yashchuk

Artemiev

Centers

et al. 2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

Self Cite

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The ultimate performance of surface slope metrology instrumentation, such as long trace profilers and autocollimator based deflectometers, is limited by systematic errors that are increased when the entire angular range is used for metrology of significantly curved optics. At the ALS X-Ray Optics Laboratory, in collaboration with the HZB/BESSY-II and PTB (Germany) metrology teams, we are working on a calibration method for deflectometers, based on a concept of a universal test mirror (UTM) [Proc. SPIE 6704, 67040A (2007)]. Potentially, the UTM method provides high performance calibration, and accounts for peculiarities of the optics under test (e.g., slope distribution) and the experimental arrangement (e.g., the distance between the sensor and the optic under test). At the same time, the UTM calibration method is inherently universal, applicable to a variety of optics and experimental arrangements. In this work we present the results of tests with a key component of the UTM system, a custom high precision tilt stage, which has been recently developed in collaboration with Physik Instrumente, a Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: VVYashchuk@lbl.gov. 2GmbH. The tests have demonstrated high performance of the stage and its capability (after additional calibration) to provide angular calibration of surface slope measuring profilers over the entire instrumental dynamic range with absolute accuracy better than 30 nrad. The details of the stage design and tests are presented. We also discuss the foundation of the UTM method and calibration algorithm, as well as the possible design of a full scale UTM system.

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Ultra-precise characterization of LCLS hard X-ray focusing mirrors by high resolution slope measuring deflectometry

Cited by 135 publications

References 32 publications

Structure of the full-length glucagon class B G-protein-coupled receptor

Structure of the full-length glucagon class B G-protein-coupled receptor

A hybrid method for X-ray optics simulation: combining geometric ray-tracing and wavefront propagation

High precision tilt stage as a key element to a universal test mirror for characterization and calibration of slope measuring instruments

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