Ultra-Low Cost High-Density Two-Dimensional Visible-Light Optical Interconnects

Abstract

Visible light communications has attracted considerable interest in recent years owing to the ability of lowcost light emitting diodes (LEDs) to act both as illumination sources and data transmitters with moderate data transmission rates. In this article we propose the formation of ultra-low cost visible light integrated optical links by interfacing dense micropixelated LED arrays with matching multi-layered multimode polymer waveguide arrays. The combination of these two optical technologies can offer relatively high aggregate data densities ≥ 0.5 Tb/s/mm 2 using very low cost components that can be directly interfaced with CMOS electronics and integrated onto standard PCBs. Here, we present the basic system design and report the first proof-of-principle demonstration of such a visible light system employing 4×4 µLED arrays on a pitch matching fourlayered waveguide array samples. Different interconnection topologies and light coupling schemes are investigated and their performance in terms of loss and crosstalk is compared. Data transmission of 2.5 Gb/s with a BER within the forward-error correction threshold of 3.8×10 -3 is achieved over a single µLEDwaveguide channel using PAM-4 modulation and equalization. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of such ultra-low cost visible light optical interconnects.

The application of Ca5B2SiO10:Eu3+ and YAl3B4O12:Ce3+,Mn2+ in dual-layer remote phosphor to enhance lumen output and color quality of WLEDs

“…Besides, as mentioned in another study, high angular correlated color temperature uniformity and better color stability can be achieved with a patterned remote phosphor configuration having a clear zone in the perimeter area that is not coated by phosphor on the surrounding surface [18]. Additionally, in a far field pattern, the patterned sapphire substrate used in the remote phosphor structure can bring much higher correlated color temperature homogeneity than in a conventional pattern [19]- [22]. Then, the dual-layer remote phosphor is proposed to accomplish the improvement of the light output of LEDs.…”

Applying SiO₂ nano-particles for improving optical properties of WLED conformal and in-cup structures

“…In this research, the phosphor crystal is considered to provide high α, so the range of α is from 8 mm −1 to 20 mm −1 to analyze the scattering coefficients μsca. Figure 2 presents the calculated result of μsca based on (1). The scattering coefficient is directly proportional to concentration of the phosphor, which means μsca increases when increasing the phosphor contents.…”

“…As the environmental issue has been a global concern, utilizing a lighting source that is eco-friendly but still excellent in lighting efficiency is in high demand. To serve this purpose, lighting emitting diodes (LEDs) has been applied to various illuminating devices as a replacement for incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lamps which are inferior in optical performance and contain mercury [1]- [4]. To generate white light, LED package is usually fabricated using phosphors to down-convert blue lights emitted from a LED chip.…”

Y2O3:Eu3+ concentration and particle size: their impacts on color rendering index and lumen of multi-chip white diodes

“…Multi-chip white light-emitting diode (MCW-LEDs) have been favoured in illumination market nowadays as their performance is much better than the standard lights like incandescent as well as fluorescent light bulbs. MCW-LEDs own outstanding features that can be listed as compact size, high brightness, low energy consumption and high durability even for outdoor use which probably lower the maintenance cost [1]- [3]. Not to mention, MCW-LEDs are safe for human health and environments as they do not release high heat during their operation time and do not have mercury in their packages.…”