Ultra high birefringence and lower beat length for square shape PCF: Analysis effect on rotation angle and eccentricity

A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) containing circularly organized square-shaped air holes in the cladding region is investigated. The fiber core is perforated with four circular air-filled holes to instate high nonlinearity and large negative dispersion. The numerical analysis is done with a finite element method based COMSOL Multiphysics tool to investigate different optical properties of the propounded PCF. The simulation outcome verifies a high nonlinear coefficient value of 85 W-1 Km-1 at telecommunication window 1.55 µm which is, the highest ever achieved value on comparing with the other existing literature without using any nonlinear materials or liquids to the best of the authors’ knowledge. In parallel, the large negative value of dispersion -597 ps/nm/km is achieved for S/Λ equals 0.70 at the same communication window. However, the highest achieved nonlinearity and negative dispersion are 300 W-1 Km-1 and -1689 ps/nm/km. Moreover, birefringence, numerical aperture, and propagation loss are also measured as 2.40×10-3, 0.59, and 4.12×10-11 dB/m respectively along with an extremely high core power fraction of 99.98%. Hence, the propounded PCF is suitable for residual dispersion compensation, supercontinuum generation, and high bitrate transmission.

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“…(13). A fiber behaves as a single-mode fiber for 𝑉 𝑒𝑓𝑓 ≤ 2.405 while for 𝑉 𝑒𝑓𝑓 ≥ 2.405 fiber displays multimode nature [29]…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive study of large negative dispersion and highly nonlinear perforated core PCF: theoretical insight

Singh

Upadhyay²,

Sharma

et al. 2022

Phys. Scr.

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“…(13). A fiber behaves as single mode fiber for ≤ 2.405 while for ≥ 2.405 fiber displays multimode nature [29].…”

Section: Effective (Modal) Area (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beat length of the fiber is nearly associated with birefringence and can be formulated as [29] Beat Length (µm)= ( )…”

Section: Effective (Modal) Area (mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study of Large Negative Dispersion and Highly Nonlinear Perforated Core PCF: Theoretical Insight

Upadhyay¹,

Singh

Sharma

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This manuscript deals with a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) in which PCF's cladding region bears the air holes of square shape organized in a circular manner. The fiber core is perforated with four circular air-filled holes to instate high nonlinearity and large negative dispersion. The numerical analysis of the designed model is supported by the finite element method (FEM) based COMSOL Multiphysics tool. The optical properties of the propounded PCF like nonlinearity, dispersion, effective area and propagation loss have been observed by altering its geometrical dimensions, especially the diameter of four air holes introduced in the fiber core. Simulation outcome verifies a very high nonlinear coefficient value of 300 W− 1 Km− 1 which is the highest ever achieved value without using any nonlinear materials or liquids in the author's best knowledge. In parallel, the chromatic dispersion is also found negative and reached to the maximum value of -1689 ps/nm/km. Besides, the other essential optical parameters such as birefringence, numerical aperture, and propagation loss were also measured as 2.40×10− 3, 0.59, and 4.12×10− 11 dB/m along with an extremely high core power fraction of 99.98%. Hence, the propounded PCF is suitable for residual dispersion compensation, supercontinuum generation, solitons generation, polarization sustaining devices as well for high bitrate transmission.

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“…Currently, fabrication procedures such as boring, sol-gel, passageway stacking, stacking, and attraction are widely used to make PCFs. However, recently, the sol-gel [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] technique is more effective in making sensor PCFs. A sol-gel technique for fabricating PCFs with varying structures was proposed, allowing the freedom to adjust the air-hole shape, size, and spacing.…”

Section: Fabrication Feasibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor for the Detection of Different Hazardous Gases

Caroline

Nizar

Krishnan

2021

Preprint

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Three different Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) gas sensors are designed to detect five different gases for a wide range of wavelengths. The three unique configurations are designed based on four outer Elliptical cores PCF (4E-PCF), four outer Circular cores (4C-PCF) PCF, and different Eight Elliptical cores PCF (8E-PCF) to analyze and sense the light interface with applied gases. For three proposed gas sensors, the sensing parameters for five different hazardous gases, such as relative sensitivity, effective area, birefringence and dispersion, are acquired. The five different gases considered for the sensor investigation are Sulfur trioxide [SO3] (20oC), Tetracholorosilane [SiCl4], Tetracholoromethane [CCl4], Turpentine [C10H16], Tin Terra chloride [SnCl4]. Among the three designs, 8E-PCF yields a maximum sensitivity of 75.75%, an effective area of 2.45µm2, and a birefringence of 0.0421 for SnCl4 gas.

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Ultra high birefringence and lower beat length for square shape PCF: Analysis effect on rotation angle and eccentricity

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

A comprehensive study of large negative dispersion and highly nonlinear perforated core PCF: theoretical insight

A comprehensive study of large negative dispersion and highly nonlinear perforated core PCF: theoretical insight

A Comprehensive Study of Large Negative Dispersion and Highly Nonlinear Perforated Core PCF: Theoretical Insight

Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor for the Detection of Different Hazardous Gases

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