Ultra-flexible perovskite solar cells with crumpling durability: toward a wearable power source

Lee, Gunhee; Kim, Min-cheol; Choi, Yong Whan; Ahn, Namyoung; Jang, Jihun; Yoon, Jungwon; Kim, Sang Moon; Lee, Jong-Gu; Kang, Daeshik; Jung, Hyun Suk; Choi, Mansoo

doi:10.1039/c9ee01944h

Cited by 147 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[ 34,35 ] In most reported studies, the inorganic oxide thin films showed ε c values of only ≈1.0–1.2%. [ 16,17 ] As a consequence of the stronger fracture resistance, the MAPbI 3 films exhibited larger values of σ str , Γ , and K IC in the tensile‐to‐compressive strain range compared to those of the CsPbBr 3 films (as compared between Figure 2c–f). Even with the unstrained case, the Γ value was higher in the MAPbI 3 than in the CsPbBr 3 (31.7 J m −2 versus 15.0 J m −2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In general, the adjustment of film thickness and the use of passivation layers have been popular choices in other typical inorganic oxide thin films in order to increase the mechanical stiffness of electronic devices. [ 15–19 ] For example, the interposition of a graphene monolayer between ZnO thin film and polymer substrate resulted in a substantial enhancement in fracture resistance owing to the graphene‐driven interfacial stress relief. [ 15 ] Another potential approach for mechanical enhancement is to impose additional favorable stress in thin films via strain engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anisotropic In Situ Strain‐Engineered Halide Perovskites for High Mechanical Flexibility

Kim

Lee

Cho

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Even though halide perovskite materials have been increasingly investigated as flexible devices, mechanical properties under flexible environments have rarely been reported on. Herein, a nonconventional deposition technique that can generate extra compressive or tensile stress in representative inorganic CsPbBr3 and hybrid MAPbI3 (methylammonium lead iodide) halide perovskites is proposed for higher mechanical flexibility. As an impressive result of bending fracture evaluation, fracture energy is substantially improved by ≈260% for CsPbBr3 and ≈161% for MAPbI3 with the maximum compressive strain of −1.33%. Origin of the flexibility enhancements by the in situ strain is verified with structural simulation where the anisotropic lattice distortion, that is, contraction in the ab plane and elongation along the c‐axis, is evident with changes in atomic bond lengths and angles in the halide perovskites. Other mechanical properties such as hardness, film strength, and fracture toughness are also discussed with direct comparisons between the inorganic and hybrid halides. Beyond the successful adjustment of this in situ deposition technique, the strain‐dependent mechanical properties are expected to be extensively useful for designing halides‐based flexible devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic In Situ Strain‐Engineered Halide Perovskites for High Mechanical Flexibility

Kim

Lee

Cho

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Stacking multiple devices together could be a possible solution for the thickness limit of spin‐coating technique, as it allows better utilization of the incident X‐ray photons and the total photoresponse could be multiplied. Yet, such stacking strategy is only practical when MAPbI 3 is deposited onto polymer substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), [ 32,33 ] because the glass substrates would absorb lots of X‐ray while certain polymers, with much lower attenuation coefficient (three orders of magnitudes lower than that of MAPbI 3 ), allow most X‐ray photons to penetrate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Thin‐Film X‐Ray Detector Based on Halide Perovskites

Yang

Wen

Lin

2020

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Halide perovskite materials as emerging optoelectronic materials are very appealing for the X-ray detection due to their superior charge transport, highabsorption cross section for X-rays and solution processability. Herein, thin-film X-ray detectors are demonstrated using methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAPbI 3) thin films. Controlled nucleation of halide perovskites is realized using patterned Au dots as nucleation promoters, resulting in uniform thin films with large grains. A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) device architecture with coplanar electrodes is used, and the thin-film detectors with an active layer thickness of 700 nm exhibit a sensitivity of 2.48 Â 10 À2 μC Gy air À1 cm À2 under a bias of 10 V. The device is relatively stable in air without encapsulation, showing no degradation after 15 min continuous biasing at 5 V. Such solution-based perovskite detector can enable X-ray detecting and imaging with low-cost, high efficiency, and high sensitivity.

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“…Perovskites can be utilized for a wide range of applications like exible and wearable power sources 12,13 , tandem devices with Si solar cells 14 , also other photonic devices such as light emitting diodes 8,14 and photodetectors 15,16 . However, real markets will require insurance for a long-term operational stability of perovskite devices and unfortunately, the insurance of lifetime has not been guaranteed yet 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsatile therapy for perovskite solar cells

Choi

Jeong

Byeon

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Although photovoltaics employing hybrid perovskite halides have continuously been breaking world- records of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and expectations for their industrialization are rapidly rising, long-term stability issue that has greatly hampered the commercialization of perovskite solar cells has not been resolved yet. Ion instability and trapped charges were suggested as a fundamental reason for perovskite device degradation. Here, we report a pulsatile therapy relieving the accumulation of both trapped charges and ions in the perovskite solar cell device during the middle of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for reviving the device and prolonging its device lifetime. In the technique, reverse biases are repeatedly applied for a very short time to eliminate the charges accumulated and re-distribute the ions migrated during power harvesting without any pause of operation. Intriguingly, the therapy is not only delaying irreversible degradation, but also, restoring the degraded power right after a short reverse bias. In-situ photoluminescence (PL) and photocurrent (PC) measurements for the working device were done while applying the pulsatile therapy for studying the underlying physics. Time evolving PL intensity and PC not only revealed the steady increase of PL intensity during the therapy indicating the reduction of non-radiative recombination, but also strikingly showed the restoration of degraded PL intensity and PC right after a short reverse bias suggesting the device healing. In the long-term test, we observed outstanding improvement of device stability and total harvesting power. A model considering trap-assisted recombination has also been developed to explain the efficacy of the therapy based on defect formation during MPPT operation and defect healing by the pulsatile therapy. The unique technique will open up new possibility to commercialize perovskite materials into a real market.

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Ultra-flexible perovskite solar cells with crumpling durability: toward a wearable power source

Abstract: By employing the neutral plane concept, we demonstrated ultra-flexible perovskite solar cells that can withstand 100 cycles of crumpling.

Cited by 147 publications

References 34 publications

Anisotropic In Situ Strain‐Engineered Halide Perovskites for High Mechanical Flexibility

Anisotropic In Situ Strain‐Engineered Halide Perovskites for High Mechanical Flexibility

Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Thin‐Film X‐Ray Detector Based on Halide Perovskites

Pulsatile therapy for perovskite solar cells

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