Ulnar mononeuropathy associated with eosinophilia

Kumar, Vijay; Sodhi, Kirandeep

doi:10.1179/2047773211y.0000000001

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…antigens in livestock, wildlife and canids in Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) countries (data from 1934 to 2018). Study area Host species N Np (%) Diagnostic test Study period Quality score Index score References Zambia Dogs 85 1 1.12 Necropsy 1980–1982 3 0.3 Islam and Chizyuka (1983) Cattle 268 50 18.65 Meat Inspection 1981–1982 5 0.5 Pandey and Sharma (1987) Dogs 540 43 7.96 CoproAg-ELISA 2005–2007 5 0.5 Nonaka et al (2011) Cattle 4061 84 2.1 Coproscopy 2007–2008 8 0.8 Banda et al (2013) 158,456 4689 2.96 Meat inspection 1994–2007 Namibia Giraffe 6 1 17 Meat inspection 1985–1986 3 0.3 Krecek et al (1990) Tanzania Dogs 4 3 75 Necropsy 1985–1987 7 0.7 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review

Miambo

Afonso

Noormahomed

et al. 2020

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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The taeniid Echinococcus is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease echinococcosis/hydatidosis and is associated with economic losses in livestock production. This review summarizes available scientific literature on circulating species of Echinococcus in humans, wild and domestic animals in countries of Southern Africa Development Community, and identifies knowledge gaps and recommend research priorities. Data were systematically accessed from Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed and from library resources from December 2017 to June 2019. Meta-analysis was conducted in STATA program and heterogeneity and prevalence values were pooled by host species with 95% confidence interval. In intermediate hosts, the overall prevalence of Echinococcus by meat inspection was 10% (CI: 9–11%) in small ruminants, 7% (CI: 5–8%) in cattle, 1% (CI: 0–1%) in pigs and 9% (CI: 0–29%) in wild herbivores. In canids by CoproAg-ELISA and necropsy the prevalence was of 10% (CI: 8–10%) and 6% (CI: 3–10%) respectively. A high level of heterogeneity (I 2 > 65%) was observed for all study groups. Echinococcus equinus , E. canadensis , E ortleppi and E. felidis were reported from wildlife and E. ortleppi , E. granulosus s. s. and E. canadensis from humans. There is paucity of research in echinococcosis and gaps in prevalence reports over time in both humans and animals in the SADC region and we recommend an increase in future studies on the epidemiology of disease, risk factors for transmission in animals and humans and its relation with human health specially in the advent of HIV pandemic following a “One Health” approach.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review

Miambo

Afonso

Noormahomed

et al. 2020

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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“…Another source of contamination could be as a result of lack/partial perimeter fencing, whereby animals could freely move into and out of the school premises and defecate. Coprophagia of human faeces by dogs increases the possibility of transporting STH eggs into the playground as sticky-coated Ascaris egg might adhere to the dog’s coat for relatively longer period (Nonaka et al, 2011; Traub et al, 2002). Aside being reservoir hosts, the role of dogs in the transmission cycle of Ascaris has been suggested (Shalaby et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths in primary school playgrounds in Edo State, southern Nigeria

et al. 2019

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SummarySchoolchildren in primary schools are mostly at risk of acquiring soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infections due to their habits (geophagy, onychophagy and playing with barefoot). Profiling soil parasites on school playgrounds is expected to provide an insight to an array of parasites schoolchildren are constantly at risk of acquiring; and this information could guide on intervention programmes. Soil samples from sixteen primary school playgrounds in Edo State (South-South, Nigeria) were collected over a six-month period both in the dry (January, February and March) and wet (May, June and July) seasons in 2018 and early 2019. Samples were processed and analysed following standard parasitological procedures. Of the 576 soil samples collected, 318(55.2 %) were positive with one or more soil parasites. Generally, the predominant parasites recovered from the total number of soil samples collected were: Ascaris 127(22 %), Strongyloides 111(19.27 %) and hookworm 50(8.68 %). Ascaris was most preponderant in the dry season, while Strongyloides was the most occurring in the wet season. The mean differences in the parasite load for Ascaris and hookworm between dry and wet seasons were not significant; while for Strongyloides it was higher in the wet than dry season. These results could be a consequence of observed poor state of toilet/sanitary facilities as well as the lack or poor state of basic infrastructure like proper drainage and waste disposal systems in the host communities. There is therefore urgent need to interrupt the STHs transmission cycles in the environment and possibly in schoolchildren by instituting sustainable intervention programmes within schools located in STHs endemic regions like southern Nigeria.

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“…Reports of Taenia spp. infection in some countries in Africa and other tropical to sub-tropical regions revealed a lower prevalence of taeniid eggs: 18.3% in Ethiopia (Degefu, Tefera & Yohannes 2011 ), 13% in Zambia (Nonaka et al 2011 ), 9.4% in Zaria, Nigeria (Folaranmi et al 1984 ) and 2.7% in the urban areas of Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) (Schandevyl et al 1987 ). The variability in the prevalence reported could be attributed to differences in the production system, the diagnostic procedures employed, the relative absence or presence of herbivore hosts, the level of immunity and husbandry practices such as the regular deworming of dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dogs have been reported to harbour a variety of gastro-intestinal parasites, some of which are of zoonotic importance (Craig & Macpherson 2000 ). The impact of infection is greater in sub-Saharan Africa because of the availability of a wide range of agro-ecological factors suitable for diversified hosts and parasite species (Folaranmi et al 1984 ; Nonaka et al 2011 ; Schandevyl, Mbundu & Sumbu 1987 ). Internal parasitism in domestic dogs ( Canis familiaris ) may result in loss of appetite and poor feed-conversion efficiency and predispose them to other pathogens or even death (Traub et al 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taeniasis in non-descript dogs in Ngorongoro, Tanzania: Prevalence and predisposing factors

Swai

Miran²,

Kasuku

et al. 2016

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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The prevalence of taeniasis was determined during the period January to April 2013 in a cross-sectional study of non-descript domestic dogs from the livestock–wildlife ecosystem of Ngorongoro, Tanzania. Taeniid eggs were determined by screening faecal samples using the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Predisposing factors for dog infection were assessed in relation to demographic, husbandry and management data. Of the 205 faecal samples screened, 150 (73.2%) were positive for taeniid eggs. The prevalence of dogs harbouring taeniid eggs was 80%, 30.2% and 75.3% in the less than 1 year, 1–3 years and greater than 3 years of age groups, respectively. Age group and sex prevalence in dogs did not differ significantly (P > 0.05), although the females showed a marginally higher prevalence (73.8%) in comparison to the males (72.7%). Taeniid eggs were significantly more likely to be found in the faeces of dogs located in Waso (80.6%) and Endulen (75%) than in Malambo (63.2%, P < 0.05). The study revealed that dogs owned and raised by agro-pastoralists were at a lower risk of acquiring Taenia spp. infection (P = 0.001) than those that were raised by pastoralists. The majority of dog owners were not aware of the predisposing factors and the mode of transmission of taeniids. Dogs were frequently fed on viscera, trimmings and the heads of slaughtered animals, and they were not treated for parasitic infections. The findings of this study indicate that taeniasis is prevalent among non-descript dogs in Ngorongoro, underscoring the need for further research and active surveillance to better understand the transmission cycle of Taenia spp. in a wider geographical area in Tanzania.

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Ulnar mononeuropathy associated with eosinophilia

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review

Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths in primary school playgrounds in Edo State, southern Nigeria

Taeniasis in non-descript dogs in Ngorongoro, Tanzania: Prevalence and predisposing factors

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