Ukrainian Agricultural Contribution to the World Food Security: Economic Problems and Prospects

Abstract

Ukrainian agriculture belongs to the world Top-10 exporters of cereals and oilseeds. The option of increasing their contributions to the global food security by means of extensive expanding sown area in Ukraine has been already exhausted. To meet the contemporary challenges it is necessary to arrange intensive productions of wheat, barley, maize, sunflower, and soybeans with high yields. To monitor the regional dynamics over growing cereal and oilseed crops this research offers the aggregate rank assessments. They incorporate regional yields, shares of arable lands under wheat, barley, maize, sunflower, and soybeans, as well as shares of their productions by agricultural enterprises. To explore the existing disproportions between the used agricultural lands and obtained harvests this study recommends applying Lorenz curves and a set of inequality indicators such as Hoover and Theil indices, Gini coefficient, and also Ratio 20:20. Short-term and long-term prospects in enhancing Ukrainian contributions to the cereal and oilseed segments of the global food security were evaluated according to results of their leading exporters. To reach the levels of the chosen target countries, this research substantiates implementing optimal fertilizers application, rational land use, balanced pricing, developed transport infrastructure, as well as improved innovative, technological and market components in Ukrainian economy.

Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Ukrainian Involvement in the Global Ecological Challenge

“…Inter alia, a lack of applied crop nutrients results in poor yields of cereals and, in particular, wheat. They are lower than those by 10-110% and 3-149% in 20 and 22 EU countries, respectively (Vasylieva, 2018). However, the reasonable limits over applying fertilizers were established by the Nitrate Directive in the frame of "greening" the EU Common Agricultural Policy (EEA, 2019).…”

Application of the marketing mix to the world export of animal products

“…Following the WTO Agriculture Agreement, member states have been negotiating the establishment of a fairer and more competitive and predictable trading system, especially concerning market access, domestic support, and export subsidies that can distort agricultural trade and hinder providing food security (The WTO Agriculture Agreement, 2020). Indeed, feeding over 9 billion people by 2050 is a prime challenge for the pairing of agricultural practice and science (Vasylieva, 2018). Future global kilocalories demand implies an additional supply of approximately 60% of agricultural products (Grafton, Daugbjerg, & Qureshi, 2015;Flies, Brook, Blomqvist, & Buettel, 2018).…”

The Role of Nutria Meat Production in the Context of Ukraine Food Security

“…The basis for maintaining food security is always in all countries of the world is the development of its own agricultural production in order to become the main source of food supplies. There is enough capacity in the world to produce food in such amount as to provide everyone with adequate nutrition; in spite of the successes achieved over the last two decades, 805 million people, or every ninth inhabitant of the planet, continue to suffer from chronic hunger (Vasylieva, 2018). According to the words of the FAO Director-General Jose Graziano da Silva: "The destruction of hunger requires commitment of everyone: neither Proceedings of the 2019 International Scientifi c Conference 'Economic Sciences for Agribusiness and Rural Economy' No 3, Warsaw, 5-7 June 2019, pp.…”

“…The issues of food security were studied by Kyrylenko (2014), Vasylieva (2018), Pogrishhuk (2019) and Zaliznjuk (2019). Besides the meat production included nutria breeding was discussed by Volkov (1983) and Parhomec' (2015).…”