UK hantavirus, renal failure, and pet rats

Taori, Surabhi; Jameson, Lisa; Campbell, Andrew W; Drew, Peter; McCarthy, Noel D.; Hart, J; Osborne, Jane; Sudhanva, Malur; Brooks, Timothy

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60599-1

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Case 1 (Wrexham, North Wales, male, 28 years old) was hospitalised with AKI and multi-organ failure in October 2012 and required ventilatory support and renal replacement therapy [8]. Blood collected in Janury 2013 had a specific SEOV antibody titre of 1 : 640.…”

Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEOV causes mild-to-severe HFRS in humans [8], whilst the zoonotic potential of the field vole borne TATV has yet to be determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2013, following a serologically confirmed HFRS case in North Wales (online Supplementary Table S1), SEOV RNA was detected in two pet rats and identified as the likely source of infection in the owner [8]. The two rats were originally purchased from a breeding colony in Cherwell and preliminary screening of blood sampled from the group detected hantavirus RNA in 7/ 21 rats [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of Seoul hantavirus in a breeding colony of pet rats

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYAs part of further investigations into three linked haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) cases in Wales and England, 21 rats from a breeding colony in Cherwell, and three rats from a household in Cheltenham were screened for hantavirus. Hantavirus RNA was detected in either the lungs and/or kidney of 17/21 (81%) of the Cherwell rats tested, higher than previously detected by blood testing alone (7/21, 33%), and in the kidneys of all three Cheltenham rats. The partial L gene sequences obtained from 10 of the Cherwell rats and the three Cheltenham rats were identical to each other and the previously reported UK Cherwell strain. Seoul hantavirus (SEOV) RNA was detected in the heart, kidney, lung, salivary gland and spleen (but not in the liver) of an individual rat from the Cherwell colony suspected of being the source of SEOV. Serum from 20/20 of the Cherwell rats and two associated HFRS cases had high levels of SEOV-specific antibodies (by virus neutralisation). The high prevalence of SEOV in both sites and the moderately severe disease in the pet rat owners suggest that SEOV in pet rats poses a greater public health risk than previously considered.

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Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEOV causes mild-to-severe HFRS in humans [8], whilst the zoonotic potential of the field vole borne TATV has yet to be determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of Seoul hantavirus in a breeding colony of pet rats

et al. 2017

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“…These viruses differ in their geographical distribution and course of infection. PUUV is predominantly present in the European region of Russia (7,000 cases per year), Scandinavia (1,000-3,000 cases per year) and central Europe (300-3,000 cases per year) and to a lesser extent in the eastern part of Europe (Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania, Serbia) [3][4][5]. PUUV causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of HFRS, which is generally not associated with major haemorrhagic symptoms and has a low case fatality rate of approximately 0.4% [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hantavirus infections in Switzerland in 2009: difficulties in determining prevalence in a country with low endemicity

et al. 2013

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In several European countries, diagnosis of nephropathia epidemica, a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumalavirus infection, has increased over the past 10-20 years. In Switzerland, despite its geographical proximity to regions with epidemic outbreaks in Germany and France, infections are detected only sporadically. To estimate the actual prevalence and potential risk factors of human hantavirus infections in Switzerland, a seroepidemiological study was performed in 2009 on serum samples from 4,559 blood donors and 1,810 military personnel. Sera were screened using commercial Puumala IgG and hantavirus IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays indicating a seroprevalence of 1% and 9%, respectively. Subsequently, the samples were analysed by immunofluorescence assay and immunoblot assay, showing a much lower prevalence, of 0.4% and 0.3%, respectively. Two of the serum samples achieved an 80% reduction in plaque-forming units in a neutralisation test. Statistical evaluation of questionnaires only identified an association of age (above 50 years) with hantavirus seropositivity when adjusted for sex (odds ratio: 2.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-5.05). This study provides baseline data (0.3-0.4%) for future monitoring of hantavirus seroprevalence in Switzerland and highlights the challenges in estimating the seroprevalence of these viruses in a country with very low endemicity.

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“…2,14 Recently, infections of SEOV derived from United Kingdom domestic pet rats of R.norvegicus species are reported which may further extend the risk of exposure to people who did not come across to rodent's natural habitat. [23][24][25] In the future pet rat safety before sale may be of concern to diminish such cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (Hantaviruses)

Berk¹,

Öztoprak²

2014

Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Hantaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses belonging to the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. These agents are usual parasites of wild rodents and insectivores. Many species worldwide are infected with these viruses and each Hantavirus type is carried by its own type specific rodent species. Human transmission occurs accidentally by inhalation of aerosolized virus containing particles, contact with urine, feces or secretions of infected rodents. Hantavirus leads to two type of zoonotic infections; Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Ecological and environmental changes, alterations in rodent population size, viral durability in nature, and changes in human life style that augment rodent exposure are the main causes that may affect the incidence of HFRS infection. The hallmarks of HFRS infection are fever, hypotension, hemorrhage and acute renal failure with acute interstitial nephritis. Clinical course of the disease varies between HFRS virus types. PUUV infection that is mostly seen in Europe has the mildest course and up to 90% of the cases are asymptomatic. Serological tests, molecular tests and virologic cell culture are used for HFRS diagnosis. There is no specific antiviral drug, immunotherapy or vaccine approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Although ribavirin seems to decrease mortality in animal models; there are few data in the literature considering the effect of ribavirin on HFRS infections. Control and management of the symptoms with supportive care is the main modality for HFRS treatment. Reduction of the frequency and intensity of rodent exposure is very important for the prevention. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; Special Issue 1: S41-S49Key words: Hantavirus, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, viral hemorrhagic fever, Turkey Hemorajik ateşle seyreden renal sendrom (Hantaviruslar)ÖZET Hantaviruslar Bunyaviridae ailesinin Hantavirus cinsinde yer alan zarflı RNA viruslarıdır. Bu etkenler vahşi kemirgen ve böcekçigillerin bilinen parazitlerindendir. Dünya genelinde birçok tür bu viruslarla enfektedir. Her Hantavirus tipi kendine özgül kemirgen türü ile taşınır. İnsan bulaşı virus içeren aerosolleşmiş partiküllerin inhalasyonu veya enfekte kemirgenin idrar, dışkı veya sekresyonları ile direkt temas sonucu gerçekleşir. Hantaviruslar iki tip zoonotik enfeksiyona neden olur; Hemorajik ateşle seyreden renal sendrom (HFRS) ve Hantavirus pulmoner sendrom (HPS). Ekolojik ve çevresel değişimler, kemirici populasyonundaki değişiklikler, virusun dış ortama dayanıklığı ve kemirici maruziyetini artıran insan yaşam tarzındaki değişimler HFRS insidansını artıran en önemli nedenlerdendir. HFRS enfeksiyonlarının en belirgin özel-liği ateş, hipotansiyon, kanama ve akut tübülointerstisiyal nefritle seyreden akut böbrek yetmezliğidir. Hastalığın kliniği HFRS virus tiplerine göre değişir. Avrupada sık görülen PUUV enfeksiyonu en hafif seyirli tiptir ve olguların 90% kadarı asemptomatiktir. HFRS tanısında serolojik testler, moleküler testler ve viroloji...

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UK hantavirus, renal failure, and pet rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

High prevalence of Seoul hantavirus in a breeding colony of pet rats

High prevalence of Seoul hantavirus in a breeding colony of pet rats

Seroprevalence of hantavirus infections in Switzerland in 2009: difficulties in determining prevalence in a country with low endemicity

Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (Hantaviruses)

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